-
1 waif
noun* * *[weif](a stray, uncared-for child: a poor little waif.) verlassenes obdachloses Kind* * *[weɪf]n2. (animal) streunendes Tier3.* * *[weɪf]nobdachloses or heimatloses Kind; (= animal) herrenloses Tierthe poor little waif... — das arme kleine Ding, hat kein Zuhause,...
* * *waif [weıf] s1. JUR Br obs etwas von einem Dieb auf der Flucht Weggeworfenes, etwas Herrenloses2. a) obdachloses oder verwahrlostes Kind* * *noun -
2 waif
[weɪf] n( liter)1) ( abandoned child) ausgesetztes Kind;( neglected child) verwahrlostes Kind2) ( animal) streunendes Tier -
3 comunidad
f.1 community (grupo).comunidad de propietarios o de vecinos residents' associationla comunidad científica/internacional the scientific/international communitycomunidad Andina Andean Communitycomunidad autónoma (politics) autonomous region, = largest administrative division in Spain, with its own Parliament and a number of devolved powers2 communion (cualidad de común) (de ideas, bienes).* * *1 community\en comunidad togethercomunidad autónoma autonomous regioncomunidad de bienes DERECHO co-ownershipcomunidad de propietarios owners' associationComunidad Económica Europea European Economic Community* * *noun f.* * *SF1) [gen] community; (=sociedad) society, association; (Rel) community; And commune ( of free Indians)de o en comunidad — (Jur) jointly
comunidad autónoma — Esp autonomous region
2) (=pago) [de piso] service charge, charge for communal servicesCOMUNIDAD AUTÓNOMA In Spain the comunidades autónomas are any of the 19 administrative regions consisting of one or more provinces and having political powers devolved from Madrid, as stipulated by the 1978 Constitution. They have their own democratically elected parliaments, form their own cabinets and legislate and execute policies in certain areas such as housing, infrastructure, health and education, though Madrid still retains jurisdiction for all matters affecting the country as a whole, such as defence, foreign affairs and justice. The Comunidades Autónomas are: Andalucía, Aragón, Asturias, Islas Baleares, Canarias, Cantabria, Castilla y León, Castilla-La Mancha, Cataluña, Extremadura, Galicia, Madrid, Murcia, Navarra, País Vasco, La Rioja, Comunidad Valenciana, Ceuta and Melilla. The term Comunidades Históricas refers to Galicia, Catalonia and the Basque Country, which for reasons of history and language consider themselves to some extent separate from the rest of Spain. They were given a measure of independence by the Second Republic (1931-1936), only to have it revoked by Franco in 1939. With the transition to democracy, these groups were the most vociferous and successful in their demand for home rule, partly because they already had experience of federalism and had established a precedent with autonomous institutions like the Catalan Generalitat.* * *1)a) ( sociedad) communityb) ( grupo delimitado) communityc) (Relig) communityd) ( asociación) association2) ( coincidencia) community•• Cultural note:comunidad de ideales/objetivos — community of ideals/objectives
In 1978 power in Spain was decentralized and the country was divided into comunidades autónomas or autonomías (autonomous regions). The new communities have far greater autonomy from central government than the old regiones and were a response to nationalist aspirations, which had built up under Franco. Some regions have more autonomy than others. The Basque Country, Catalonia, and Galicia, for example, had political structures, a desire for independence and their own languages which underpinned their claims to distinctive identities. Andalusia gained almost complete autonomy without having had a nationalist tradition. Other regions, such as Madrid, are to some extent artificial, having been created largely to complete the process. The comunidades autónomas are: Andalusia, Aragon, Asturias, Balearic Islands, the Basque Country (Euskadi), Canary Islands, Cantabria, Castilla y León, Castilla-La Mancha, Catalonia, Extremadura, Galicia, Madrid, Murcia, Navarre, La Rioja, Valencia and the North African enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla* * *= community.Ex. Language of documents and data bases will need to be tailored to each community.----* asociación de la comunidad = community group.* biblioteca de la comunidad = community library.* bibliotecario encargado de los servicios dirigidos a la comunidad = community services librarian.* Comisión de las Comunidades Europeas (CEC) = Commission of the European Communities (CEC).* comunidad académica = academic community, learning community.* comunidad académica de investigadores = academic research community.* comunidad agrícola = farming community.* comunidad a la que se sirve = service area.* comunidad autónoma = autonomous region.* comunidad bancaria, la = banking community, the.* comunidad bibliotecaria, la = library community, the, librarianship community, the.* Comunidad Británica de Naciones, la = Commonwealth, the.* comunidad científica = knowledge community.* comunidad científica, la = scientific community, the, scholarly community, the, research community, the, scientific research community, the.* comunidad conectada electrónicamente = online community.* comunidad de bibliotecarios y documentalistas, la = library and information community, the.* comunidad de educadores, la = education community, the.* comunidad de lectores = reader community.* comunidad de naciones = comity of nations, commonwealth.* comunidad de pescadores = fishing community.* comunidad de prácticas comunes = community of practice, community of practice, community of practice.* comunidad de proveedores = vendor community.* comunidad de proveedores, la = vending community, the.* comunidad de usuarios = constituency, user community.* comunidad de vecinos = housing association.* comunidad dispersa = scattered community.* Comunidad Económica Europea (CEE) = European Economic Community (EEC).* comunidad editorial, la = publishing community, the.* comunidad electrónica = online community.* comunidad empresarial, la = business community, the.* Comunidad Europea (CE) = EC (European Community).* Comunidad Europea de la Energía Atómica (Euratom/EAEC) = European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom/EAEC).* Comunidad Europea del Carbón y el Acero (CECA) = European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC).* comunidad internacional, la = international community, the.* comunidad laboral = working community.* comunidad lingüística = language community, linguistic community.* comunidad local = local community.* comunidad marginada = deprived community.* comunidad marginal = disadvantaged community.* comunidad mundial, la = world community, the.* comunidad pluralista = pluralistic community.* comunidad religiosa = religious community.* comunidad rural = rural community.* comunidad urbana = urban community.* de la propia comunidad = community-owned.* Denominación de Productos para las Estadísticas del Comercio Externo de la = Nomenclature of Goods for the External Trade Statistics of the Community and Statistics of Trade between Member States (NIMEXE).* derecho de la comunidad = community right.* dirigido a la comunidad = community-based.* implicación de la comunidad = community involvement.* la comunidad en general = the community at large.* líder de la comunidad = community leader.* miembro de la Comunidad = community member, Community member.* no perteneciente a la Comunidad Europea = non-EC.* países de la Comunidad Europea = European Communities.* países miembro de la Comunidad = Community partner.* país miembro de la Comunidad = Community member state.* patrocinado por la comunidad = community-sponsored.* representante de la comunidad = community activist.* residente en la comunidad = community-dwelling.* toda la comunidad = the community at large.* vida de la comunidad = community life.* * *1)a) ( sociedad) communityb) ( grupo delimitado) communityc) (Relig) communityd) ( asociación) association2) ( coincidencia) community•• Cultural note:comunidad de ideales/objetivos — community of ideals/objectives
In 1978 power in Spain was decentralized and the country was divided into comunidades autónomas or autonomías (autonomous regions). The new communities have far greater autonomy from central government than the old regiones and were a response to nationalist aspirations, which had built up under Franco. Some regions have more autonomy than others. The Basque Country, Catalonia, and Galicia, for example, had political structures, a desire for independence and their own languages which underpinned their claims to distinctive identities. Andalusia gained almost complete autonomy without having had a nationalist tradition. Other regions, such as Madrid, are to some extent artificial, having been created largely to complete the process. The comunidades autónomas are: Andalusia, Aragon, Asturias, Balearic Islands, the Basque Country (Euskadi), Canary Islands, Cantabria, Castilla y León, Castilla-La Mancha, Catalonia, Extremadura, Galicia, Madrid, Murcia, Navarre, La Rioja, Valencia and the North African enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla* * *= community.Ex: Language of documents and data bases will need to be tailored to each community.
* asociación de la comunidad = community group.* biblioteca de la comunidad = community library.* bibliotecario encargado de los servicios dirigidos a la comunidad = community services librarian.* Comisión de las Comunidades Europeas (CEC) = Commission of the European Communities (CEC).* comunidad académica = academic community, learning community.* comunidad académica de investigadores = academic research community.* comunidad agrícola = farming community.* comunidad a la que se sirve = service area.* comunidad autónoma = autonomous region.* comunidad bancaria, la = banking community, the.* comunidad bibliotecaria, la = library community, the, librarianship community, the.* Comunidad Británica de Naciones, la = Commonwealth, the.* comunidad científica = knowledge community.* comunidad científica, la = scientific community, the, scholarly community, the, research community, the, scientific research community, the.* comunidad conectada electrónicamente = online community.* comunidad de bibliotecarios y documentalistas, la = library and information community, the.* comunidad de educadores, la = education community, the.* comunidad de lectores = reader community.* comunidad de naciones = comity of nations, commonwealth.* comunidad de pescadores = fishing community.* comunidad de prácticas comunes = community of practice, community of practice, community of practice.* comunidad de proveedores = vendor community.* comunidad de proveedores, la = vending community, the.* comunidad de usuarios = constituency, user community.* comunidad de vecinos = housing association.* comunidad dispersa = scattered community.* Comunidad Económica Europea (CEE) = European Economic Community (EEC).* comunidad editorial, la = publishing community, the.* comunidad electrónica = online community.* comunidad empresarial, la = business community, the.* Comunidad Europea (CE) = EC (European Community).* Comunidad Europea de la Energía Atómica (Euratom/EAEC) = European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom/EAEC).* Comunidad Europea del Carbón y el Acero (CECA) = European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC).* comunidad internacional, la = international community, the.* comunidad laboral = working community.* comunidad lingüística = language community, linguistic community.* comunidad local = local community.* comunidad marginada = deprived community.* comunidad marginal = disadvantaged community.* comunidad mundial, la = world community, the.* comunidad pluralista = pluralistic community.* comunidad religiosa = religious community.* comunidad rural = rural community.* comunidad urbana = urban community.* de la propia comunidad = community-owned.* Denominación de Productos para las Estadísticas del Comercio Externo de la = Nomenclature of Goods for the External Trade Statistics of the Community and Statistics of Trade between Member States (NIMEXE).* derecho de la comunidad = community right.* dirigido a la comunidad = community-based.* implicación de la comunidad = community involvement.* la comunidad en general = the community at large.* líder de la comunidad = community leader.* miembro de la Comunidad = community member, Community member.* no perteneciente a la Comunidad Europea = non-EC.* países de la Comunidad Europea = European Communities.* países miembro de la Comunidad = Community partner.* país miembro de la Comunidad = Community member state.* patrocinado por la comunidad = community-sponsored.* representante de la comunidad = community activist.* residente en la comunidad = community-dwelling.* toda la comunidad = the community at large.* vida de la comunidad = community life.* * *comunidad comunidad autónoma (↑ comunidad a1)A1 (sociedad) communitypara el bien de la comunidad for the good of the community2 (grupo delimitado) communityla comunidad polaca the Polish communityvivir en comunidad to live with other people3 ( Relig) community4 (asociación) associationCompuestos:(British) Commonwealth( Hist) European Economic Community( Hist) European CommunityEuropean Coal and Steel CommunityB (coincidencia) communityno existe comunidad de ideales/objetivos entre ambos grupos there is no community of ideals/objectives between the two groups, the two groups do not share common ideals/objectivesla sublevación de las Comunidades the Revolt of the Comuneros* * *
comunidad sustantivo femenino
community;
comunidad sustantivo femenino community
comunidad autónoma, autonomous region
comunidad de bienes, co-ownership
Comunidad Europea, European Community
' comunidad' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
bien
- CE
- CECA
- CEE
- consejería
- depender
- EURATOM
- homologación
- primar
- pueblo
- reintegrar
- autonomía
English:
Commonwealth of Independent States
- community
- fraternity
- homeowners assocation
- integrate
- scattered
- service charge
- European
- general
- pillar
- service
* * *comunidad nf1. [grupo] community;la comunidad científica/educativa/judía the scientific/education/Jewish community;vivir en comunidad to live in a communityComunidad Andina Andean Community, = organization for regional cooperation formed by Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela;comunidad autónoma autonomous region, = largest administrative division in Spain, with its own Parliament and a number of devolved powers;comunidad de base [religiosa] base community, = lay Catholic community independent of church hierarchy;Comunidad Británica de Naciones (British) Commonwealth;Antes Comunidad Económica Europea European Economic Community;la Comunidad Europea, las Comunidades Europeas the European Community;la comunidad internacional the international community;comunidad linguística speech community;comunidad de propietarios residents' association;comunidad de vecinos residents' association2. [de ideas, bienes] communioncomunidad de bienes co-ownership [between spouses]3. Am [colectividad] commune;vive en una comunidad anarquista she lives in an anarchist communeCOMUNIDAD ANDINAThe Comunidad Andina de Naciones (CAN – Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela) has its origins in the 1969 “Acuerdo de Cartagena”. Over subsequent decades the various institutions which now form the CAN were set up: the Council of Foreign Ministers in 1979, the Court of Justice in 1983, the Presidential Council in 1990, and the General Secretariat in 1997. The ultimate aim has been to create a Latin American common market. A free trade area was established in 1993, and a common external customs tariff in 1994. While all members have adopted a common foreign policy, more ambitious attempts at integration have been less successful. However, with a combined population of 122 million, and a GDP in 2004 of 300 billion dollars, the community is a significant economic group. In 2004, the leaders of the countries of South America decided to create the “Comunidad Sudamericana de Naciones” (“South American Community of Nations”) or CSN by a gradual convergence between the CAN and Mercosur (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay), plus Chile, Guyana and Surinam. This will create, in time, a vast free-trade area encompassing all of South America.* * *f community;hereditaria heirs pl* * *comunidad nf: community* * *comunidad n community [pl. communities] -
4 home
həum
1. noun1) (the house, town, country etc where a person etc usually lives: I work in London but my home is in Bournemouth; When I retire, I'll make my home in Bournemouth; Africa is the home of the lion; We'll have to find a home for the kitten.) casa2) (the place from which a person, thing etc comes originally: America is the home of jazz.) cuna, patria3) (a place where children without parents, old people, people who are ill etc live and are looked after: an old folk's home; a nursing home.) asilo, orfanato4) (a place where people stay while they are working: a nurses' home.) hogar5) (a house: Crumpy Construction build fine homes for fine people; He invited me round to his home.) casa
2. adjective1) (of a person's home or family: home comforts.) casero, del hogar2) (of the country etc where a person lives: home produce.) local; nacional3) ((in football) playing or played on a team's own ground: the home team; a home game.) en/de casa
3. adverb1) (to a person's home: I'm going home now; Hallo - I'm home!) a casa; en casa2) (completely; to the place, position etc a thing is intended to be: He drove the nail home; Few of his punches went home; These photographs of the war brought home to me the suffering of the soldiers.) completamente; justamente, (dar) en el blanco•- homeless- homely
- homeliness
- homing
- home-coming
- home-grown
- homeland
- home-made
- home rule
- homesick
- homesickness
- homestead
- home truth
- homeward
- homewards
- homeward
- homework
- at home
- be/feel at home
- home in on
- leave home
- make oneself at home
- nothing to write home about
home1 adj1. natal2. casero3. de casa / localhome2 adv a casahome3 n1. casa / hogar2. residenciatr[həʊm]1 (house) hogar nombre masculino, casa2 formal use domicilio3 (institution) asilo4 (country, village etc) patria, tierra5 SMALLZOOLOGY/SMALL hábitat nombre masculino6 SMALLSPORT/SMALL casa1 casero,-a2 SMALLPOLITICS/SMALL (del) interior3 (native) natal4 SMALLSPORT/SMALL de casa, en casa1 en casa, a casa, de casa\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLat home en casahome sweet home hogar dulce hogarto be nothing to write home about no ser nada del otro mundo, no ser nada del otro juevesto come home to somebody darse cuenta■ it suddenly came home to me that I was all alone de repente me di cuenta de que estaba totalmente soloto feel at home figurative use estar a gusto, sentirse en casato make oneself at home ponerse cómodo,-aHome Office SMALLBRITISH ENGLISH/SMALL Ministerio del Interiorhome rule autonomíahome help asistentahome page (Internet) página inicial, página principalhome run (in baseball) carrera completahome team equipo local, equipo de casahome town pueblo natal, patria chicahome ['ho:m] n1) : casa f, hogar m, domicilio mto feel at home: sentirse en casa2) institution: residencia f, asilo madj.• casero, -a adj.• doméstico, -a adj.• hogareño, -a adj.• nacional adj.• patrio, -a adj.adv.• a casa adv.n.• asilo s.m.• casa s.f.• fuego s.m.• habitación s.f.• hogar s.m.• patria s.f.• patria chica s.f.• posada s.f.v.• mandar a casa v.
I həʊm1) u c ( of person)a) ( dwelling) casa fto own one's own home — tener* casa propia
marital home — domicilio m conyugal; see also at home, home I 3); (before n)
b) ( in wider sense)they made their home in Germany — se establecieron en Alemania, fijaron su residencia en Alemania (frml)
to leave home — irse* de casa
those remarks were uncomfortably close to home — esos comentarios me (or le etc) tocaban muy de cerca
a home away from home o (BrE) a home from home — una segunda casa
home is where the heart is — el verdadero hogar está donde uno tiene a los suyos
c) ( family environment) hogar m2) ca) (of object, group, institution)can you find a home for these files somewhere? — (colloq) a ver si encuentras dónde guardar estos archivos
b) (of animal, plant) (Bot, Zool) hábitat m3) at homea) ( in house) en casawhat's that when it's at home? — (colloq) ¿y eso con qué se come? (fam)
b) ( at ease)make yourself at home — ponte cómodo, estás en tu casa
c) ( not abroad)d) ( Sport) en casato be/play at home — jugar* en casa
4) c ( institution) ( children's home) asilo m (AmL), orfanatorio m (Méx), centro m de acogida de menores (Esp); ( old people's home) residencia f de ancianosdogs' home — (BrE) perrera f
5) ( Sport)a) u ( the finish) meta f•Phrasal Verbs:- home in
II
1)a) ( where one lives) <come/arrive> a casanothing to write home about — nada del otro mundo or (fam) del otro jueves
b) ( from abroad)the folks back home — (AmE) la familia
2) ( Sport)the first horse/runner home — el primer caballo/corredor en llegar a la meta
to be home free o (BrE) home and dry — tener* la victoria asegurada
3) ( to desired place)to get something home to somebody — hacerle* entender algo a alguien
to drive something home (to somebody) — hacer(le)* entender algo (a alguien)
try to drive it home to him that... — hazle entender que...; see also strike home
III
adjective (before n)a) <address/telephone number> particular; <background/environment> familiar; <cooking/perm> caserohome comforts — comodidades fpl
home delivery — ( of purchases) entrega f a domicilio
home visit — ( by doctor) (BrE) visita f a domicilio
b) ( of origin)home state — ( in US) estado m natal or de procedencia
c) ( not foreign) <affairs/market> nacional[hǝʊm]1. N1) (=house) casa f ; (=residence) domicilio m•
at home — en casais Mr Lyons at home? — ¿está el señor Lyons?
I'm not at home in Japanese — apenas me defiendo en japonés, sé muy poco de japonés
for us this is a home from home — aquí estamos como en casa, esta es como una segunda casa para nosotros
•
he comes from a good home — es de buena familia•
home sweet home — hogar, dulce hogar2) (=refuge) hogar m ; (=hospital, hostel) asilo m3) (=country) patria f ; (=town) ciudad f natal; (=origin) cuna f4) (Bio) hábitat m5) (Sport) (=target area) meta f (=home ground)6) (Comput) punto m inicial, punto m de partida2. ADV1) (lit) (=at home) en casa; (=to home) a casato be home — estar en casa; (=upon return) estar de vuelta en casa
I'll be home at five o'clock — (upon return) estaré en casa a las cinco
•
as we say back home — como decimos en mi tierraback home in Australia — en mi tierra, (en) Australia
•
to come home — volver a casa•
to get home — llegar a casa•
to go home — volver a casa; (from abroad) volver a la patria•
he leaves home at eight — sale de casa a las ocho•
that remark came near home — esa observación le hirió en lo vivo•
to see sb home — acompañar a algn a su casa•
to send sb home — mandar a algn a casa•
to stay home — quedarse en casa2) (fig)•
to bring sth home to sb — hacerle ver algo a algn•
it came home to me — me di cuenta de ello•
to drive sth home, to drive a point home — subrayar un puntopress 2., 7)•
to strike home — (=hit target) [shell, bullet] dar en el blanco; (=go right in) [hammer, nail] remachar3.VI [pigeons] volver a casa4.CPDhome address N — (on form) domicilio m
my home address — mi dirección particular, las señas de mi casa
home assembly N — montaje m propio
home-assembly•
for home assembly — para montaje propiohome automation N — domótica f
home banking N — banco m en casa
home base N — [of person] lugar m de residencia; [of guerrillas] base f de operaciones; [of company] sede f
home birth N — parto m a domicilio
home brew N — (=beer) cerveza f casera; (=wine) vino m casero
home buying N — compra f de vivienda
home comforts NPL — comodidades fpl domésticas
home computer N — ordenador m doméstico
home computing N — informática f doméstica
home cooking N — cocina f casera
the Home Counties NPL — (Brit) los condados alrededor de Londres
home country N — patria f, país m de origen
home delivery N — [of food] entrega f a domicilio; [of baby] parto m a domicilio
home economics NSING — (Scol) ciencia f del hogar
home field (US) N — (Sport) casa f
•
to play on one's home field — jugar en casahome fries NPL — (US) carne picada frita con patatas y col
home front N — frente m interno
home ground N (Sport) —
to be on home ground — (fig) estar en su terreno or lugar
Home Guard N — (Brit) cuerpo de voluntarios para la defensa nacional durante la segunda guerra mundial
home help N — (=act) atención f domiciliaria, ayuda f a domicilio; (Brit) (=person) asistente(-a) m / f (especialmente los que, a cargo de la seguridad social, ayudan en las tareas domésticas a personas necesitadas)
home helper N — (US) asistente(-a) m / f
home improvements NPL — reformas fpl en casa
home industries NPL — (Comm) industrias fpl nacionales
home journey N — viaje m a casa, viaje m de vuelta
home leave N — permiso m para irse a casa
home market N — (Comm) mercado m nacional, mercado m interior
home match N — (Sport) partido m en casa
home movie N — película f hecha por un aficionado
home nations NPL (Brit) —
•
the home nations — las cuatro naciones británicasHome Office N — (Brit) Ministerio m del Interior, Gobernación f (Mex)
home owner N — propietario(-a) m / f de una casa
home owners — propietarios mpl de viviendas
home ownership N — propiedad f de viviendas
home page N — (Internet) (=personal page) página f personal; (=webpage) página f web; (=start page) página f de inicio
home product N — (Comm) producto m nacional
home run N — (Baseball) jonrón m ; (=return journey) [of ship, truck] viaje m de vuelta
home sales NPL — ventas fpl nacionales
Home Secretary N — (Brit) Ministro m del Interior
home shopping N — venta f por correo; (TV, Telec) televenta f
the home side N — (Sport) el equipo de casa, el equipo local
home straight N — (Sport) recta f final
to be in the home straight — (fig) estar en la última recta
home stretch N — = home straight
the home team N — (Sport) el equipo de casa, el equipo local
home trade N — (Comm) comercio m interior
home truths NPL —
home victory N — (Sport) victoria f en casa
home video N — vídeo m amateur, video m amateur (LAm)
home visit N — visita f a domicilio
home waters NPL — aguas fpl territoriales
HOME COUNTIES Los Home Counties son los condados que se encuentran en los alrededores de Londres: Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Kent y Middlesex, un alto porcentaje de cuya población se encuentra en buena posición económica. De ahí que el término Home Counties haya adquirido dimensiones culturales y a la gente que vive en ellos se les considere en general personas adineradas de clase media-alta que, además, tienen al hablar un acento muy particular, conocido como RP.home win N — (Sport) victoria f en casa
See:see cultural note ENGLISH in English* * *
I [həʊm]1) u c ( of person)a) ( dwelling) casa fto own one's own home — tener* casa propia
marital home — domicilio m conyugal; see also at home, home I 3); (before n)
b) ( in wider sense)they made their home in Germany — se establecieron en Alemania, fijaron su residencia en Alemania (frml)
to leave home — irse* de casa
those remarks were uncomfortably close to home — esos comentarios me (or le etc) tocaban muy de cerca
a home away from home o (BrE) a home from home — una segunda casa
home is where the heart is — el verdadero hogar está donde uno tiene a los suyos
c) ( family environment) hogar m2) ca) (of object, group, institution)can you find a home for these files somewhere? — (colloq) a ver si encuentras dónde guardar estos archivos
b) (of animal, plant) (Bot, Zool) hábitat m3) at homea) ( in house) en casawhat's that when it's at home? — (colloq) ¿y eso con qué se come? (fam)
b) ( at ease)make yourself at home — ponte cómodo, estás en tu casa
c) ( not abroad)d) ( Sport) en casato be/play at home — jugar* en casa
4) c ( institution) ( children's home) asilo m (AmL), orfanatorio m (Méx), centro m de acogida de menores (Esp); ( old people's home) residencia f de ancianosdogs' home — (BrE) perrera f
5) ( Sport)a) u ( the finish) meta f•Phrasal Verbs:- home in
II
1)a) ( where one lives) <come/arrive> a casanothing to write home about — nada del otro mundo or (fam) del otro jueves
b) ( from abroad)the folks back home — (AmE) la familia
2) ( Sport)the first horse/runner home — el primer caballo/corredor en llegar a la meta
to be home free o (BrE) home and dry — tener* la victoria asegurada
3) ( to desired place)to get something home to somebody — hacerle* entender algo a alguien
to drive something home (to somebody) — hacer(le)* entender algo (a alguien)
try to drive it home to him that... — hazle entender que...; see also strike home
III
adjective (before n)a) <address/telephone number> particular; <background/environment> familiar; <cooking/perm> caserohome comforts — comodidades fpl
home delivery — ( of purchases) entrega f a domicilio
home visit — ( by doctor) (BrE) visita f a domicilio
b) ( of origin)home state — ( in US) estado m natal or de procedencia
c) ( not foreign) <affairs/market> nacional -
5 detener
v.1 to stop.consiguieron detener la hemorragia they managed to stop the bleedingestaba decidido, nada podía detenerlo he had made up his mind, nothing could stop himRicardo detuvo el auto Richard stopped the car.El guarda detuvo el asalto The guard stopped the holdup.2 to arrest.El guarda detuvo al ladrón The guard arrested the thief.3 to keep, to delay.4 to hold back, to delay, to block someone's progress, to block the progress of.La falta de luz detuvo al tren The lack of lighting held back the train.* * *1 (parar) to stop, halt; (proceso, negociación) to hold up2 (retener) to keep, delay, detain3 DERECHO to detain, arrest1 (pararse) to stop, halt2 (entretenerse) to hang about, linger3 (pararse a considerar algo) to dwell* * *verb1) to arrest, detain2) stop, halt•* * *1. VT1) (=parar) to stop2) (=retrasar) to hold up, delayno quiero detenerlo — I don't want to keep o delay you
3) (=retener) [+ objeto] to keep4) (Jur) (=arrestar) to arrest; (=encarcelar) to detain2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( parar) <vehículo/máquina> to stop; <trámite/proceso> to halt; < hemorragia> to stop, staunchvete, nadie te detiene — go then, nobody's stopping you
2) ( arrestar) to arrest; ( encarcelar) to detain2.detenerse v prona) ( pararse) vehículo/persona to stopdetenerse a + inf — to stop to + inf
b) ( tomar mucho tiempo)detenerse en algo: no nos detengamos demasiado en los detalles — let's not spend too much time discussing the details
* * *= halt, stop, suspend, staunch [stanch, -USA], check, detain, stunt, stem + the tide of, arrest, apprehend, shut down, imprison, jail [gaol, -UK], make + an arrest, place under + arrest, take into + custody, pull over.Ex. Consequently, a freeze-frame or still-picture effect can be achieved by simply halting the movement of the head across the disc.Ex. Program function key 1 (FP1) tells DOBIS/LIBIS to stop whatever it is doing and go back to the function selection screen.Ex. The appearance of this volume aroused such a furor within and without the British Museum that further publication of the catalog was suspended.Ex. Some notable progress is being made worldwide in staunching publishers' losses.Ex. They concluded that 'our citizens may rationally prefer to check crime and disorder by ounces of educational prevention, than by pounds of cure in the shape of large 'lockups' and expensive suits before the law'.Ex. Juan Carlos is a blind lawyer, activist and volunteer librarian who has been imprisoned without trial since March, when he was detained for peacefully protesting the arrest of a journalist.Ex. True personal discrimination cannot be forced by exercises in selecting the good and rejecting the bad by the application of stock critical formulas: it may indeed be stunted.Ex. This article discusses some strategies that are being developed to stem the tide of losses caused worldwide by piracy.Ex. Librarians have been known to devote time to entrap and arrest individuals who use the library toilets for sexual purposes = Hay casos de bibliotecarios que han dedicado tiempo a atrapar y detener a individuos que utilizan los servicios de la biblioteca con fines sexuales.Ex. Due to this fortunate circumstance, a thief who had been systematically purloining rare books from the Library was apprehended.Ex. Cyberattacks involve routers acting at a predesignated time or trigger time and flooding various targeted Web sites with data -- effectively shutting down the Web site.Ex. Juan Carlos is a blind lawyer, activist and volunteer librarian who has been imprisoned without trial since March, when he was detained for peacefully protesting the arrest of a journalist.Ex. In 1892 Klas Linderfelt, the then ALA President, was jailed for 4 days on charges of embezzling more than $4,000 from library funds.Ex. They do do everything from issuing parking and speeding tickets to making arrests.Ex. The driver was placed under arrest by the state police for driving while under the influence of alcohol.Ex. A couple convicted of tax evasion was taken into custody after a five-month-long standoff with federal agents.Ex. Since cops were given the go-ahead to pull over people for not wearing seat belts, state troopers have become creative about spotting scofflaws.----* continuar sin detenerse = go straight ahead.* detener bruscamente = halt + in full flight.* detener búsqueda = discontinue + search.* detener completamente = bring to + a (grinding) halt.* detener en el camino = waylay.* detenerse = become + stagnant, break off, sit back, stall, pull up, run into + the sand(s), stop over.* detenerse antes de = stop + short of.* detenerse a pensar = pause + to think, step back, take + a step back.* detenerse a pensar en = spare + a thought for.* detenerse a reflexionar = stand back.* detenerse completamente = grind to + a (screeching) halt, come to + a (dead) halt, come to + a shuddering halt.* detenerse en el camino = stop along + the way.* detenerse en el lado del camino = pull over.* detenerse por completo = come to + a standstill, be at a standstill.* detenerse por un momento = pause.* estar detenido = be under arrest.* ser detenido = be under arrest.* si nos detenemos a reflexionar sobre ello = on reflection.* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( parar) <vehículo/máquina> to stop; <trámite/proceso> to halt; < hemorragia> to stop, staunchvete, nadie te detiene — go then, nobody's stopping you
2) ( arrestar) to arrest; ( encarcelar) to detain2.detenerse v prona) ( pararse) vehículo/persona to stopdetenerse a + inf — to stop to + inf
b) ( tomar mucho tiempo)detenerse en algo: no nos detengamos demasiado en los detalles — let's not spend too much time discussing the details
* * *= halt, stop, suspend, staunch [stanch, -USA], check, detain, stunt, stem + the tide of, arrest, apprehend, shut down, imprison, jail [gaol, -UK], make + an arrest, place under + arrest, take into + custody, pull over.Ex: Consequently, a freeze-frame or still-picture effect can be achieved by simply halting the movement of the head across the disc.
Ex: Program function key 1 (FP1) tells DOBIS/LIBIS to stop whatever it is doing and go back to the function selection screen.Ex: The appearance of this volume aroused such a furor within and without the British Museum that further publication of the catalog was suspended.Ex: Some notable progress is being made worldwide in staunching publishers' losses.Ex: They concluded that 'our citizens may rationally prefer to check crime and disorder by ounces of educational prevention, than by pounds of cure in the shape of large 'lockups' and expensive suits before the law'.Ex: Juan Carlos is a blind lawyer, activist and volunteer librarian who has been imprisoned without trial since March, when he was detained for peacefully protesting the arrest of a journalist.Ex: True personal discrimination cannot be forced by exercises in selecting the good and rejecting the bad by the application of stock critical formulas: it may indeed be stunted.Ex: This article discusses some strategies that are being developed to stem the tide of losses caused worldwide by piracy.Ex: Librarians have been known to devote time to entrap and arrest individuals who use the library toilets for sexual purposes = Hay casos de bibliotecarios que han dedicado tiempo a atrapar y detener a individuos que utilizan los servicios de la biblioteca con fines sexuales.Ex: Due to this fortunate circumstance, a thief who had been systematically purloining rare books from the Library was apprehended.Ex: Cyberattacks involve routers acting at a predesignated time or trigger time and flooding various targeted Web sites with data -- effectively shutting down the Web site.Ex: Juan Carlos is a blind lawyer, activist and volunteer librarian who has been imprisoned without trial since March, when he was detained for peacefully protesting the arrest of a journalist.Ex: In 1892 Klas Linderfelt, the then ALA President, was jailed for 4 days on charges of embezzling more than $4,000 from library funds.Ex: They do do everything from issuing parking and speeding tickets to making arrests.Ex: The driver was placed under arrest by the state police for driving while under the influence of alcohol.Ex: A couple convicted of tax evasion was taken into custody after a five-month-long standoff with federal agents.Ex: Since cops were given the go-ahead to pull over people for not wearing seat belts, state troopers have become creative about spotting scofflaws.* continuar sin detenerse = go straight ahead.* detener bruscamente = halt + in full flight.* detener búsqueda = discontinue + search.* detener completamente = bring to + a (grinding) halt.* detener en el camino = waylay.* detenerse = become + stagnant, break off, sit back, stall, pull up, run into + the sand(s), stop over.* detenerse antes de = stop + short of.* detenerse a pensar = pause + to think, step back, take + a step back.* detenerse a pensar en = spare + a thought for.* detenerse a reflexionar = stand back.* detenerse completamente = grind to + a (screeching) halt, come to + a (dead) halt, come to + a shuddering halt.* detenerse en el camino = stop along + the way.* detenerse en el lado del camino = pull over.* detenerse por completo = come to + a standstill, be at a standstill.* detenerse por un momento = pause.* estar detenido = be under arrest.* ser detenido = be under arrest.* si nos detenemos a reflexionar sobre ello = on reflection.* * *vtA (parar) ‹vehículo/máquina› to stop; ‹trámite/proceso› to halt; ‹hemorragia› to stop, staunchdetener el avance del enemigo to halt the enemy advancedetener el avance de la enfermedad to curb o check o arrest the development of the diseasevete si quieres, nadie te detiene go if you want, nobody's stopping youB (arrestar) to arrest; (encarcelar) to detain¡queda usted detenido! you're under arrest!1 (pararse) «vehículo/persona» to stopven directo a casa, sin detenerte en el camino come straight home without stopping off on the waydetenerse A + INF to stop to + INF¿te has detenido a pensar en las consecuencias? have you stopped to consider the consequences?2(tomar mucho tiempo): me detuve arreglando el escritorio y perdí el tren I hung around tidying my desk and I missed the traindetenerse EN algo:hay que ir al grano sin detenerse en lo accesorio we have to get to the point without dwelling on incidentalsno te detengas en la introducción don't waste time o spend too much time on the introduction* * *
detener ( conjugate detener) verbo transitivo
1 ( parar) ‹vehículo/máquina› to stop;
‹trámite/proceso› to halt;
‹ hemorragia› to stop, staunch
2 ( arrestar) to arrest;
( encarcelar) to detain;◊ ¡queda usted detenido! you're under arrest!
detenerse verbo pronominal
detenerse a hacer algo to stop to do sthb) ( tomar mucho tiempo) detenerse en algo:
detener verbo transitivo
1 to stop, halt
2 Jur (a un sospechoso) to arrest, detain
' detener' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
interceptar
- prender
- atajar
- detiene
- detuve
- paso
English:
apprehend
- arrest
- detain
- get
- inhibit
- keep
- prisoner
- pull in
- recapture
- remand
- seize
- stem
- stop
- halt
- hold
- stunt
* * *♦ vt1. [parar] to stop;detenga el vehículo y estacione stop the vehicle and park;detener el avance enemigo to halt the enemy advance;detener la propagación de la epidemia to stop the spread of the epidemic;los bomberos lograron detener el fuego firefighters managed to hold the fire in check o stop the fire spreading;consiguieron detener la hemorragia they managed to stop the bleeding;estaba decidido, nada podía detenerlo he had made up his mind, nothing could stop him;¡adelante, hazlo! ¿qué te detiene? go on, do it! what's stopping you?2. [arrestar] to arrest3. [entretener] to keep, to delay;¿qué fue lo que te detuvo? what kept you?, what held you up?* * *v/t1 stop2 de policía arrest, detain* * *detener {80} vt1) arrestar: to arrest, to detain2) parar: to stop, to halt3) : to keep, to hold back* * *detener vb2. (arrestar) to arrest -
6 Home
I 1. [həʊm]1) (dwelling) abitazione f.; (house) casa f., alloggio m.2) (for residential care) ricovero m.retirement, nursing home — casa di riposo, casa di cura
3) (family base) focolare m. domestico, famiglia f."good home wanted" — "cercasi famiglia rispettabile"
4) (country) patria f., paese m. natale2.home of — [ country] patria di [ speciality]
2) (national) [market, affairs, news] interno3.1) [come, go, arrive] (to house) a casa; (to country) in patriaon the journey home — tornando a casa; (by boat, plane) nel viaggio di ritorno
2) fig. (to required effect)to bring sth. home to — fare comprendere qcs. a
3) at home (in house) [work, stay] a casa; sport (on own ground) [ play] in casa; fig. (comfortable) [be, feel] a proprio agio••it's home from home — BE
II [həʊm]it's home away from home — AE è una seconda casa
- home in* * *[həum] 1. noun1) (the house, town, country etc where a person etc usually lives: I work in London but my home is in Bournemouth; When I retire, I'll make my home in Bournemouth; Africa is the home of the lion; We'll have to find a home for the kitten.) casa; habitat2) (the place from which a person, thing etc comes originally: America is the home of jazz.) patria3) (a place where children without parents, old people, people who are ill etc live and are looked after: an old folk's home; a nursing home.) casa, dimora4) (a place where people stay while they are working: a nurses' home.) casa5) (a house: Crumpy Construction build fine homes for fine people; He invited me round to his home.) casa2. adjective1) (of a person's home or family: home comforts.) domestico2) (of the country etc where a person lives: home produce.) nazionale, nostrano3) ((in football) playing or played on a team's own ground: the home team; a home game.) locale, di/in casa3. adverb1) (to a person's home: I'm going home now; Hallo - I'm home!) a casa2) (completely; to the place, position etc a thing is intended to be: He drove the nail home; Few of his punches went home; These photographs of the war brought home to me the suffering of the soldiers.) a fondo, nel segno•- homeless- homely
- homeliness
- homing
- home-coming
- home-grown
- homeland
- home-made
- home rule
- homesick
- homesickness
- homestead
- home truth
- homeward
- homewards
- homeward
- homework
- at home
- be/feel at home
- home in on
- leave home
- make oneself at home
- nothing to write home about* * *(Surnames) Home /həʊm, hju:m/* * *I 1. [həʊm]1) (dwelling) abitazione f.; (house) casa f., alloggio m.2) (for residential care) ricovero m.retirement, nursing home — casa di riposo, casa di cura
3) (family base) focolare m. domestico, famiglia f."good home wanted" — "cercasi famiglia rispettabile"
4) (country) patria f., paese m. natale2.home of — [ country] patria di [ speciality]
2) (national) [market, affairs, news] interno3.1) [come, go, arrive] (to house) a casa; (to country) in patriaon the journey home — tornando a casa; (by boat, plane) nel viaggio di ritorno
2) fig. (to required effect)to bring sth. home to — fare comprendere qcs. a
3) at home (in house) [work, stay] a casa; sport (on own ground) [ play] in casa; fig. (comfortable) [be, feel] a proprio agio••it's home from home — BE
II [həʊm]it's home away from home — AE è una seconda casa
- home in -
7 flat
I noun II 1. adjective1) flach; eben [Fläche]; platt [Nase, Reifen]spread the blanket flat on the ground — die Decke glatt auf dem Boden ausbreiten
2) (fig.) (monotonous) eintönig; (dull) lahm (ugs.); fade; (stale) schal, abgestanden [Bier, Sekt]; (Electr.) leer [Batterie]3) (downright) glatt (ugs.)[and] that's flat — und damit basta (ugs.)
4) (Mus.) [um einen Halbton] erniedrigt [Note]2. adverb1) (coll.): (completely)flat broke — total pleite
2) (coll.): (exactly)3. nounin two hours flat — in genau zwei Stunden
1) flache Seiteflat of the hand — Handfläche, die
2) (level ground) Ebene, die3) (Mus.) erniedrigter Ton* * *[flæt] 1. adjective2) (dull; without interest: She spent a very flat weekend.) langweilig5) ((of drinks) no longer fizzy: flat lemonade; ( also adverb) My beer has gone flat.) fade6) (slightly lower than a musical note should be: That last note was flat; ( also adverb) The choir went very flat.) zu tief2. adverb(stretched out: She was lying flat on her back.) flach3. noun1) ((American apartment) a set of rooms on one floor, with kitchen and bathroom, in a larger building or block: Do you live in a house or a flat?) die Wohnung3) (a level, even part: the flat of her hand.) die Fläche4) ((usually in plural) an area of flat land, especially beside the sea, a river etc: mud flats.) die Niederung•- academic.ru/27860/flatly">flatly- flatten
- flat rate
- flat out* * *flat1[flæt]I. adj<- tt->1. (not raised, horizontal) inclination flach; (even) floor, ground flach; ground, path, territory eben; face, nose plattpeople used to believe that the earth was \flat früher glaubten die Menschen, die Erde sei eine Scheibe\flat hand flache [o offene] Hand\flat heel/shoe flacher Absatz/Schuhto be [as] \flat as a pancake ground topfeben [o ÖSTERR brettleben] sein; ( fam) woman flach wie ein [Bügel]brett sein fam\flat roof flaches Dach, Flachdach ntto be met with \flat denial [or refusal] auf entschiedene [o fam glatte] Ablehnung stoßen, rundweg abgelehnt werden fam5. ( also fig pej: dull) langweilig, lahm pej fam, öd[e] pej fam; of conversation, writing geistlos, flach pej6. (monotone) voice ohne Modulation nach n, ausdruckslos pej; LIT (lacking delineation) character eindimensional fachspr, einfach gestrickt fam; (lacking depth, contrast) of a photo, picture flach, kontrastarmto go \flat schal werden10. (deflated) platt\flat market flauer [o ruhiger] Markt, lustlose Börse13. MUS (lower in pitch) note [um einen Halbton] erniedrigt; key mit B-Vorzeichen nach n; (below intended pitch) string, voice zu tief [gestimmt]E \flat major Es-Dur\flat charge Pauschale f fachspr\flat price/tariff Einheitspreis/Einheitstarif m fachspr\flat yield Umlaufrendite f15.II. adv<- tt->1. (horizontally) flachto lie \flat on one's back flach [o lang hingestreckt] auf dem Rücken liegen2. (levelly) plattto fold sth \flat napkin, sheet etw zusammenfalten; ironing, napkin, tablecloth etw zusammenlegen; deckchair etw zusammenklappento knock [or lay] sth \flat building, wall etw plattwalzen [o einebnen] [o a. fig dem Erdboden gleichmachenshe told him \flat that she would not go to the show sie sagte ihm klipp und klar, dass sie nicht zu der Show gehen werdeto be \flat against the rules eindeutig gegen die Regeln verstoßen7.▶ to fall \flat (fail) attempt, effort scheitern, danebengehen fam; stage performance durchfallen; joke nicht ankommen famIII. n\flat of the hand Handfläche fhe hit me with the \flat of his hand er schlug mich mit der flachen Handmost of the path is on the \flat der größte Teil des Weges ist eben4. MUS (sign) Erniedrigungszeichen nt fachspr, b nt; (tone) [um einen halben Ton] erniedrigter Ton fachsprflat2[flæt]n BRIT, AUS [Etagen]wohnung f, Mietwohnung fcompany \flat Firmenwohnung f, Dienstwohnung f* * *I [flt]1. adj (+er)1) flach; tyre, nose, feet platt; surface ebenhe stood flat against the wall — er stand platt gegen die Wand gedrückt
as flat as a pancake ( inf, tyre ) — total platt; (countryside) total flach
2) (fig) fade; painting, photo flach, kontrastarm; colour matt, stumpf, glanzlos; joke, remark abgedroschen, öde, müde; trade, market lau, lahm, lustlos; battery leer; (= stale) beer, wine schal, abgestandenshe felt a bit flat — sie fühlte sich ein bisschen daneben (inf), sie hatte zu nichts Lust
to fall flat (joke) — nicht ankommen; (play etc) durchfallen
3) refusal, denial glatt, deutlich2. adv1) turn down, refuse rundweg, kategorischhe told me flat ( out) that... — er sagte mir klipp und klar, dass...
2) (MUS)to sing/play flat — zu tief singen/spielen
3)in ten seconds flat — in sage und schreibe (nur) zehn Sekunden
4)flat broke (inf) — total pleite (inf)
5)to go flat out — voll aufdrehen (inf); (in car also) Spitze fahren (inf)
to be lying flat out — platt am Boden liegen
3. n6) (SPORT)IIn (esp Brit)Wohnung f* * *flat1 [flæt]A s1. Fläche f, Ebene f2. flache Seite:flat of the hand Handfläche f;with the flat of one’s hand mit der flachen Hand3. a) Flachland n, Niederung f4. Untiefe f, Flach n5. MUS B n6. THEAT Kulisse f7. AUTO besonders US Reifenpanne f, Plattfuß m umg9. TECH Flacheisen n11. US breitkrempiger Strohhuta) koll (die) Flachrennen pl,b) die Flachrennsaison14. flacher Korb15. pl flache Schuhe pl, Schuhe mit flachen Absätzen1. flach, eben:flat section → A 3 b;flat shore Flachküste f;a) völlig flach,b) flach wie ein Bügelbrett (Mädchen)2. TECH Flach…:4. (aus-, hin)gestreckt, flach am Boden liegend6. dem Erdboden gleich:lay a city flat eine Stadt dem Erdboden gleichmachen7. flach, offen (Hand)9. stumpf, platt (Nase)10. entschieden, kategorisch, glatt (Ablehnung etc):and that’s flat! und damit basta!11. a) langweilig, fad(e)b) flach, oberflächlich, banal13. WIRTSCH flau, lustlos (Markt etc)14. WIRTSCHa) einheitlich, Einheits…b) Pauschal…:flat fee Pauschalgebühr f;15. MAL, FOTOa) kontrastarmb) matt, glanzlos17. MUSa) erniedrigt (Note)b) mit B-Vorzeichen (Tonart)18. leer (Batterie)C adv1. eben, flach:a) der Länge nach hinfallen,b) fig umg danebengehen, missglücken,c) fig umg durchfallen (Theaterstück etc);fall flat on one’s face fig umg eine Bauchlandung machen, auf den Bauch oder auf die Nase fallen; → back1 A 12. genau:3. eindeutig:a) entschieden:he went flat against the rules er hat eindeutig gegen die Regeln verstoßenb) kategorisch:he told me flat that …4. MUSa) um einen halben Ton niedrigerb) zu tief:5. ohne (Berechnung der aufgelaufenen) Zinsen6. umg völlig:flat broke total pleitemy car does 100 miles flat out mein Auto fährt oder macht 100 Meilen Spitze;work flat out volle Pulle arbeitenD v/t2. MUS US eine Note um einen halben Ton erniedrigenflat2 [flæt]* * *I noun II 1. adjective1) flach; eben [Fläche]; platt [Nase, Reifen]2) (fig.) (monotonous) eintönig; (dull) lahm (ugs.); fade; (stale) schal, abgestanden [Bier, Sekt]; (Electr.) leer [Batterie]fall flat — nicht ankommen (ugs.); seine Wirkung verfehlen
3) (downright) glatt (ugs.)[and] that's flat — und damit basta (ugs.)
4) (Mus.) [um einen Halbton] erniedrigt [Note]2. adverb1) (coll.): (completely)2) (coll.): (exactly)3. noun1) flache Seiteflat of the hand — Handfläche, die
2) (level ground) Ebene, die3) (Mus.) erniedrigter Ton* * *(UK) n.Wohnung -en f. (housing) (UK) n.Appartement n. adj.flach adj.geschmacklos adj. n.Fläche -n f. -
8 Liber
1.līber, ĕra, ĕrum (old form, loebesum et loebertatem antiqui dicebant liberum et libertatem. Ita Graeci loibên et leibein, Paul. ex Fest. p. 121 Müll.; cf. 2. Liber), adj. [Gr. root liph-, liptô, to desire; cf. Sanscr. lub-dhas, desirous; Lat. libet, libido], that acts according to his own will and pleasure, is his own master; free, unrestricted, unrestrained, unimpeded, unshackled; independent, frank, open, bold (opp. servus, servilis).I.In gen.; constr. absol., with ab, the abl., and poet. also with gen.(α).Absol.:(β).dictum est ab eruditissimis viris, nisi sapientem liberum esse neminem. Quid est enim libertas? Potestas vivendi ut velis,
Cic. Par. 5, 1, 33:an ille mihi liber, cui mulier imperat, cui leges imponit, praescribit, jubet, vetat? etc.,
id. ib. 5, 2, 36:ad scribendi licentiam liber,
id. N. D. 1, 44, 123:agri immunes ac liberi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 166:integro animo ac libero causam defendere,
unprejudiced, unbiased, id. Sull. 31, 86:liberi ad causas solutique veniebant,
not under obligations, not bribed, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78 § 192; cf.:libera lingua,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 9:cor liberum,
id. Ep. 1, 2, 43:vocem liberam mittere adversus aliquem,
Liv. 35, 32, 6:libera verba animi proferre,
Juv. 4, 90: judicium [p. 1057] audientium relinquere integrum ac liberum, Cic. Div. 2, 72, 150:aliquid respuere ingenuo liberoque fastidio,
id. Brut. 67, 236:libero tempore, cum soluta nobis est eligendi optio,
id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:tibi uni vexatio direptioque sociorum impunita fuit ac libera,
id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:pars quaestionum vaga et libera et late patens,
id. de Or. 2, 16, 67:liberum arbitrium eis populo Romano permittente,
Liv. 31, 11 fin.; cf. id. 37, 1, 5:mandata,
full powers, unlimited authority, id. 37, 56; 38, 8:fenus,
unlimited, id. 35, 7: custodia, free custody (i. e. confinement to a house or to a town), id. 24, 45; Vell. 1, 11, 1;v. custodia, II.: legatio, v. legatio: suffragia,
the right of voting freely, Juv. 8, 211:locus,
free from intruders, undisturbed, secure, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 49; 3, 2, 25; id. Cas. 3, 2, 4: aedes, a free house, free dwelling (assigned to the use of ambassadors of friendly nations during their stay in Rome), Liv. 30, 17 fin.; 35, 23; 42, 6:lectulus,
i. e. not shared with a wife, Cic. Att. 14, 13, 5: toga ( poet. for virilis toga), a man's (prop. of one who is his own master), Ov. F. 3, 771:vestis,
id. ib. 3, 777:libera omnia sibi servare,
to reserve to one's self full liberty, Plin. Ep. 1, 5.— Comp.:hoc liberiores et solutiores sumus, quod, etc.,
Cic. Ac. 2, 3, 8:est finitimus oratori poëta, numeris astrictior paulo, verborum licentia liberior,
id. de Or. 1, 16, 70:liberiores litterae,
id. Att. 1, 13, 1:amicitia remissior esse debet et liberior et dulcior,
freer, more unrestrained, more cheerful, id. Lael. 18 fin.:paulo liberior sententia,
Quint. 4, 2, 121:liberior in utramque partem disputatio,
id. 7, 2, 14:fusiores liberioresque numeri,
id. 9, 4, 130:officia liberiora plenioraque,
id. 6, 1, 9:(flumina) campo recepta Liberioris aquae,
freer, less impeded, Ov. M. 1, 41; cf.:(Tiberinus) campo liberiore natat,
freer, opener, id. F. 4, 292:liberiore frui caelo,
freer, opener, id. M. 15, 301.— Sup.:liberrimum hominum genus, comici veteres tradunt, etc.,
the frankest, most free-spoken, Quint. 12, 2, 22; cf.:liberrime Lolli,
most frank, most ingenuous, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 1:indignatio,
id. Epod. 4, 10.—Free or exempt from, void of; with ab:(γ).Mamertini vacui, expertes, soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23; cf.:(consul) solutus a cupiditatibus, liber a delictis,
id. Agr. 1, 9, 27:ab observando homine perverso liber,
id. Att. 1, 13, 2:liber a tali irrisione Socrates, liber Aristo Chius,
id. Ac. 2, 39, 123:ab omni animi perturbatione liber,
id. Off. 1, 20, 67; id. N. D. 2, 21, 55:loca abdita et ab arbitris libera,
id. Att. 15, 16, B:libera a ferro crura,
Ov. P. 1, 6, 32:animus liber a partibus rei publicae,
Sall. C. 4.—With abl.:(δ).animus omni liber curā et angore,
free from, without, Cic. Fin. 1, 15:animus religione,
Liv. 2, 36:animus cogitationibus aliis,
Quint. 11, 2, 35:mens omnibus vitiis,
id. 12, 1, 4; cf.:liberis odio et gratia mentibus,
id. 5, 11, 37:omni liber metu,
Liv. 7, 34:liber invidia,
Quint. 12, 11, 7:equus carcere,
Ov. Am. 2, 9, 20.—With gen. ( poet.):(ε).liber laborum,
Hor. A. P. 212:fati gens Lydia,
Verg. A. 10, 154:curarum,
Luc. 4, 384. — Comp.:liberior campi,
having a wider space, Stat. S. 4, 2, 24.—Liberum est, with subject-clause:II.quam (opinionem) sequi magis probantibus liberum est,
it is free, permitted, allowable, Quint. 6, 3, 112; Plin. Ep. 1, 8:dies eligere certos liberum erat,
Plin. 30, 2, 6, § 16.—So in abl. absol.:libero, quid firmaret mutaretve,
Tac. A. 3, 60.In partic.A.Free, in a social point of view, not a slave (opp. servus;B.also to ingenuus): neque vendendam censes quae libera est,
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 40; cf. id. ib. v. 28:dis habeo gratiam quom aliquot affuerunt liberae, because slaves were not permitted to testify,
id. And. 4, 4, 32; opp. ingenuus, free-born:quid ea? ingenuan' an festucā facta e servā liberast?
Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 14:in jure civili, qui est matre liberā, liber est,
Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 45; id. Caecin. 36, 96:si neque censu, neque vindictā, nec testamento liber factus est (servus), non est liber,
id. Top. 2, 10:quae (assentatio) non modo amico, sed ne libero quidem digna est,
of a freeman, id. Lael. 24, 89; Quint. 11, 1, 43:liberorum hominum alii ingenui sunt, alii libertini,
Gai. Inst. 1, 10; cf. sqq.: ex ancilla et libero jure gentium servus nascitur, id. ib. 1, 82; cf. § 85; Paul. Sent. 2, 24, 1 sqq.—Free, in a political point of view;C.said both of a people not under monarchical rule and of one not in subjection to another people,
Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 48; cf.:ut ex nimia potentia principum oritur interitus principum, sic hunc nimis liberum populum libertas ipsa servitute afficit,
id. ib. 1, 44, 68:liber populus,
id. ib. 3, 34, 46:(Demaratus) vir liber ac fortis,
democratic, republican, fond of liberty, id. ib. 2, 19, 34:civitates liberae atque immunes,
free from service, Liv. 37, 55:provinciae civitatesque liberae,
Suet. Vesp. 8:libera ac foederata oppida,
id. Calig. 3:Roma patrem patriae Ciceronem libera dixit,
Juv. 8, 244.—In a bad sense, esp. with reference to sensual pleasure, unbridled, unchecked, unrestrained, licentious:2.quam liber harum rerum multarum siet (Juppiter),
Plaut. Am. prol. 105:adulescens imprudens et liber,
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 40; cf.:sit adulescentia liberior,
somewhat freer, Cic. Cael. 18, 42:amores soluti et liberi,
id. Rep. 4, 4, 4:consuetudo peccandi,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 76, § 177.—Hence, adv.: lībĕrē, freely, unrestrictedly, without let or hinderance; frankly, openly, boldly:qui nihil dicit, nihil facit, nihil cogitat denique, nisi libenter ac libere,
Cic. Par. 5, 1, 34:animus somno relaxatus solute movetur et libere,
id. Div. 2, 48, 100:respirare,
id. Quint. 11, 39:constanter et libere (me gessi),
id. Att. 4, 16, 9:consilium dare,
id. Lael. 13, 44:aliquid magis accusatorie quam libere dixisse,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 176:omnia libere fingimus et impune,
Quint. 6, 1, 43:ut ingredi libere (oratio), non ut licenter videatur errare,
Cic. Or. 23, 77.— Comp.:liberius vivendi fuit potestas,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 23:loqui,
Cic. Planc. 13, 33:fortius liberiusque defendere,
Quint. 12, 1, 21:liberius si Dixero quid,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 103:maledicere,
id. ib. 2, 8, 37:longius et liberius exseritur digitus,
Quint. 11, 3, 92; cf. id. 11, 3, 97:ipsaque tellus Omnia liberius, nullo poscente, ferebat,
freely, of itself, spontaneously, Verg. G. 1, 127.līber, ĕri ( gen. plur. liberūm, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 9; Turp. ap. Non. 495, 26; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; 2, 1, 30, § 77; Tac. A. 2, 38; 3, 25 saep.; cf. Cic. Or. 46, 155;I.but also: liberorum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 76; 2, 5, 42, § 109), m. [1. liber], a child.Sing. (post-class. and rare):II.si quis maximam portionem libero relinquat,
Cod. Just. 3, 28, 33; 5, 9, 8 fin.; Quint. Decl. 2, 8.—Plur., children (freq.; but in class. Lat. only of children with reference to their parents: pueri = children in general, as younger than adulescentes; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 657 sq.).A.Lit.: liberorum genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155 (Trag. v. 347 Vahl.): liberorum sibi quaesendum gratia, id. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.):2.cum conjugibus et liberis,
Cic. Att. 8, 2, 3:eum ex C. Fadii filiā liberos habuisse,
id. ib. 16, 11, 1:liberos procreare,
id. Tusc. 5, 37, 109:suscipere liberos,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 161:per liberos te precor,
Hor. Epod. 5, 5:dulces,
id. ib. 2, 40:parvuli,
Quint. 2, 15, 8;opp. parentes,
id. 11, 1, 82; 3, 7, 18; 26; 6, 1, 18; 6, 5 al.: mater quae liberos, quasi oculos (amisit), orba est, Sulp. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 182 Müll.: jus trium liberorum, under the emperors, a privilege enjoyed by those who had three legitimate children (it consisted in the permission to fill a public office before one's twenty-fifth year, and in freedom from personal burdens); this privilege was sometimes also bestowed on those who had fewer than three children, or even none at all; also of one child:non est sine liberis, cui vel unus filius unave filia est,
Dig. 50, 16, 148; Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 6; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 15; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 99; id. And. 5, 3, 20; Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 2; id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; id. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; ib. 30, § 76 Zumpt; cf. also Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:neque ejus legendam filiam (virginem Vestalem)... qui liberos tres haberet,
Gell. 1, 12, 8:uxores duxerant, ex quibus plerique liberos habebant,
Caes. B. C. 3, 110, 2.—Of grandchildren and great-grandchildren:liberorum appellatione nepotes et pronepotes ceterique qui ex his descendunt, continentur,
Dig. 50, 16, 220; cf.:liberi usque ad trinepotem, ultra hos posteriores vocantur,
ib. 38, 10, 10, § 7:habitus sis in liberum loco,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40.—Esp.(α).Of sons (opp. daughters):(β).procreavit liberos septem totidemque filias,
Hyg. Fab. 9.—Of children in gen. = pueri:B.praecepta Chrysippi de liberorum educatione,
Quint. 1, 11, 17; cf.: Catus aut de liberis educandis, the title of a book by Varro, v. Gell. 4, 19, 2; Macr. S. 3, 6, 5.—Transf., of animals, young:3.liberis orbas oves,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 38.—Comically:quaerunt litterae hae sibi liberos: alia aliam scandit,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 23.Līber, ĕri (Sabine collat. form, loebasius, acc. to Serv. Verg. G. 1, 7; cf. 1. liber, and libertas init.), m. [Gr. leibô, to pour; loibê, a drink - offering; Lat. libare], an old Italian deity, who presided over planting and fructification; afterwards identified with the Greek Bacchus:B.hunc dico Liberum Semelā natum, non eum, quem nostri majores auguste sancteque Liberum cum Cerere et Libera consecraverunt. Sed quod ex nobis natos liberos appellamus, idcirco Cerere nati nominati sunt Liber et Libera: quod in Libera servant, in Libero non item,
Cic. N. D. 2, 24, 62; cf. Serv. Verg. G. 1, 5; Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:tertio (invocabo) Cererem et Liberum, quod horum fructus maxime necessarii ad victum: ab his enim cibus et potio venit e fundo,
Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 5:Liber et alma Ceres,
Verg. G. 1, 7:ex aede Liberi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 128;in a pun with 1. liber,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 46; cf. id. Curc. 1, 2, 21; id. Stich. 5, 4, 17; so in a pun with liber, free:quiaque adeo me complevi flore Liberi, Magis libera uti lingua collibitum est mihi,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 8; cf.:salve, anime mi, lepos Liberi, ut veteris ego sum cupida, etc.,
id. Curc. 1, 2, 3.— Connected with pater:sic factum, ut Libero patri repertori vitis hirci immolarentur,
Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 19:Romulus et Liber pater,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 5:per vestigia Liberi patris,
Plin. 4, 10, 17, § 39:patre favente Libero fetis palmitibus,
Col. 3, 21, 3:Libero patri in monte res divina celebratur,
Macr. S. 1, 18, 4.—Meton., wine:4. I.illud, quod erat a deo donatum, nomine ipsius dei nuncupabant: ut cum fruges Cererem appellamus, vinum autem Liberum: ex quo illud Terentii (Eun. 4, 5, 6): sine Cerere et Libero friget Venus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 60:Liberum et Cererem pro vino et pane,
Quint. 8, 6, 24; cf. also Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 4 supra:sed pressum Calibus ducere Liberum Si gestis, etc.,
Hor. C. 4, 12, 14:condita cum verax aperit praecordia Liber,
id. S. 1, 4, 89.Lit.A.In gen.:B.obducuntur libro aut cortice trunci,
Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 120:colligatae libris (arundines),
Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 4:udoque docent (germen) inolescere libro,
Verg. G. 2, 77:natam libro et silvestri subere clausam,
id. A. 11, 554; id. E. 10, 67:quam denso fascia libro,
Juv. 6, 263.—Esp., because the ancients used the bark or rind of trees to write upon; usually the thin rind of the Egyptian papyrus, on which the books of the Greeks and Romans were usually written (v. Dict. of Antiq. p. 587 sq.):II.antea non fuisse chartarum usum. In palmarum foliis primo scriptitatum, dein quarundam arborum libris,
Plin. 13, 11, 21, § 69.—Hence,Transf.A.Paper, parchment, or rolls of any substance used to write upon (cf.:B.charta, membrana): quasi quom in libro scribuntur calamo litterae,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 131.—Most freq. a book, work, treatise:C.Demetrii liber de concordia,
Cic. Att. 8, 12, 6:quas (sententias) hoc libro exposui,
id. Lael. 1, 3; cf. id. ib. 1, 5:dixi in eo libro, quem de rebus rusticis scripsi,
id. de Sen. 15, 54:libros pervolutare,
id. Att. 5, 12, 2:evolvere,
id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24:volvere,
id. Brut. 87, 298:legere,
id. Fam. 6, 6, 8:edere,
id. Fat. 1, 1:libri confectio,
id. de Sen. 1, 1:tempus ad libros vacuum,
id. Rep. 1, 9, 14:cujus (Platonis) in libris,
id. ib. 1, 10, 16:in Graecorum libris,
id. ib. 2, 11, 21:librum, si malus est, nequeo laudare,
Juv. 3, 41:actorum libri,
the official gazette, id. 9, 84; cf. 2, 136; and v. Dict. Antiq. s. v. Acta.—In partic.1.A division of a work a look:2.tres libri perfecti sunt de Natura Deorum,
Cic. Div. 2, 1, 3:hi tres libri (de Officiis),
id. Off. 3, 33, 121:sermo in novem libros distributus,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 1:dictum est in libro superiore,
id. Off. 2, 13, 43 [p. 1058] sicut superiore libro continetur, Quint. 11, 1, 1:versus de libro Ennii annali sexto,
id. 6, 3, 86:liber primus, secundus, tertius, etc.,
id. 8, 1, 2; 10, 2, 20; 11, 1, 4 al. —Sometimes, in this latter case, liber is omitted:in T. Livii primo,
Quint. 9, 2, 37:in tertio de Oratore,
id. 9, 1, 26:legi tuum nuper quartum de Finibus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 32.—In relig. or pub. law lang., a religious book, scriptures; a statute - book, code:D.decemviris adire libros jussis,
i. e. the Sibylline books, Liv. 34, 55; 21, 62; 25, 12:se cum legeret libros, recordatum esse, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11:ut in libris est Etruscorum,
id. Div. 2, 23, 50; id. Att. 9, 9, 3:caerimoniarum,
rituals, Tac. A. 3, 38.—A list, catalogue, register, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 71, § 167.—E.A letter, epistle, Nep. Lys. 4, 2; Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 5.—F.A rescript, decree (post-Aug.):liber principis severus et tamen moderatus,
Plin. Ep. 5, 14, 8. -
9 liber
1.līber, ĕra, ĕrum (old form, loebesum et loebertatem antiqui dicebant liberum et libertatem. Ita Graeci loibên et leibein, Paul. ex Fest. p. 121 Müll.; cf. 2. Liber), adj. [Gr. root liph-, liptô, to desire; cf. Sanscr. lub-dhas, desirous; Lat. libet, libido], that acts according to his own will and pleasure, is his own master; free, unrestricted, unrestrained, unimpeded, unshackled; independent, frank, open, bold (opp. servus, servilis).I.In gen.; constr. absol., with ab, the abl., and poet. also with gen.(α).Absol.:(β).dictum est ab eruditissimis viris, nisi sapientem liberum esse neminem. Quid est enim libertas? Potestas vivendi ut velis,
Cic. Par. 5, 1, 33:an ille mihi liber, cui mulier imperat, cui leges imponit, praescribit, jubet, vetat? etc.,
id. ib. 5, 2, 36:ad scribendi licentiam liber,
id. N. D. 1, 44, 123:agri immunes ac liberi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 166:integro animo ac libero causam defendere,
unprejudiced, unbiased, id. Sull. 31, 86:liberi ad causas solutique veniebant,
not under obligations, not bribed, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78 § 192; cf.:libera lingua,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 9:cor liberum,
id. Ep. 1, 2, 43:vocem liberam mittere adversus aliquem,
Liv. 35, 32, 6:libera verba animi proferre,
Juv. 4, 90: judicium [p. 1057] audientium relinquere integrum ac liberum, Cic. Div. 2, 72, 150:aliquid respuere ingenuo liberoque fastidio,
id. Brut. 67, 236:libero tempore, cum soluta nobis est eligendi optio,
id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:tibi uni vexatio direptioque sociorum impunita fuit ac libera,
id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:pars quaestionum vaga et libera et late patens,
id. de Or. 2, 16, 67:liberum arbitrium eis populo Romano permittente,
Liv. 31, 11 fin.; cf. id. 37, 1, 5:mandata,
full powers, unlimited authority, id. 37, 56; 38, 8:fenus,
unlimited, id. 35, 7: custodia, free custody (i. e. confinement to a house or to a town), id. 24, 45; Vell. 1, 11, 1;v. custodia, II.: legatio, v. legatio: suffragia,
the right of voting freely, Juv. 8, 211:locus,
free from intruders, undisturbed, secure, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 49; 3, 2, 25; id. Cas. 3, 2, 4: aedes, a free house, free dwelling (assigned to the use of ambassadors of friendly nations during their stay in Rome), Liv. 30, 17 fin.; 35, 23; 42, 6:lectulus,
i. e. not shared with a wife, Cic. Att. 14, 13, 5: toga ( poet. for virilis toga), a man's (prop. of one who is his own master), Ov. F. 3, 771:vestis,
id. ib. 3, 777:libera omnia sibi servare,
to reserve to one's self full liberty, Plin. Ep. 1, 5.— Comp.:hoc liberiores et solutiores sumus, quod, etc.,
Cic. Ac. 2, 3, 8:est finitimus oratori poëta, numeris astrictior paulo, verborum licentia liberior,
id. de Or. 1, 16, 70:liberiores litterae,
id. Att. 1, 13, 1:amicitia remissior esse debet et liberior et dulcior,
freer, more unrestrained, more cheerful, id. Lael. 18 fin.:paulo liberior sententia,
Quint. 4, 2, 121:liberior in utramque partem disputatio,
id. 7, 2, 14:fusiores liberioresque numeri,
id. 9, 4, 130:officia liberiora plenioraque,
id. 6, 1, 9:(flumina) campo recepta Liberioris aquae,
freer, less impeded, Ov. M. 1, 41; cf.:(Tiberinus) campo liberiore natat,
freer, opener, id. F. 4, 292:liberiore frui caelo,
freer, opener, id. M. 15, 301.— Sup.:liberrimum hominum genus, comici veteres tradunt, etc.,
the frankest, most free-spoken, Quint. 12, 2, 22; cf.:liberrime Lolli,
most frank, most ingenuous, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 1:indignatio,
id. Epod. 4, 10.—Free or exempt from, void of; with ab:(γ).Mamertini vacui, expertes, soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23; cf.:(consul) solutus a cupiditatibus, liber a delictis,
id. Agr. 1, 9, 27:ab observando homine perverso liber,
id. Att. 1, 13, 2:liber a tali irrisione Socrates, liber Aristo Chius,
id. Ac. 2, 39, 123:ab omni animi perturbatione liber,
id. Off. 1, 20, 67; id. N. D. 2, 21, 55:loca abdita et ab arbitris libera,
id. Att. 15, 16, B:libera a ferro crura,
Ov. P. 1, 6, 32:animus liber a partibus rei publicae,
Sall. C. 4.—With abl.:(δ).animus omni liber curā et angore,
free from, without, Cic. Fin. 1, 15:animus religione,
Liv. 2, 36:animus cogitationibus aliis,
Quint. 11, 2, 35:mens omnibus vitiis,
id. 12, 1, 4; cf.:liberis odio et gratia mentibus,
id. 5, 11, 37:omni liber metu,
Liv. 7, 34:liber invidia,
Quint. 12, 11, 7:equus carcere,
Ov. Am. 2, 9, 20.—With gen. ( poet.):(ε).liber laborum,
Hor. A. P. 212:fati gens Lydia,
Verg. A. 10, 154:curarum,
Luc. 4, 384. — Comp.:liberior campi,
having a wider space, Stat. S. 4, 2, 24.—Liberum est, with subject-clause:II.quam (opinionem) sequi magis probantibus liberum est,
it is free, permitted, allowable, Quint. 6, 3, 112; Plin. Ep. 1, 8:dies eligere certos liberum erat,
Plin. 30, 2, 6, § 16.—So in abl. absol.:libero, quid firmaret mutaretve,
Tac. A. 3, 60.In partic.A.Free, in a social point of view, not a slave (opp. servus;B.also to ingenuus): neque vendendam censes quae libera est,
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 40; cf. id. ib. v. 28:dis habeo gratiam quom aliquot affuerunt liberae, because slaves were not permitted to testify,
id. And. 4, 4, 32; opp. ingenuus, free-born:quid ea? ingenuan' an festucā facta e servā liberast?
Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 14:in jure civili, qui est matre liberā, liber est,
Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 45; id. Caecin. 36, 96:si neque censu, neque vindictā, nec testamento liber factus est (servus), non est liber,
id. Top. 2, 10:quae (assentatio) non modo amico, sed ne libero quidem digna est,
of a freeman, id. Lael. 24, 89; Quint. 11, 1, 43:liberorum hominum alii ingenui sunt, alii libertini,
Gai. Inst. 1, 10; cf. sqq.: ex ancilla et libero jure gentium servus nascitur, id. ib. 1, 82; cf. § 85; Paul. Sent. 2, 24, 1 sqq.—Free, in a political point of view;C.said both of a people not under monarchical rule and of one not in subjection to another people,
Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 48; cf.:ut ex nimia potentia principum oritur interitus principum, sic hunc nimis liberum populum libertas ipsa servitute afficit,
id. ib. 1, 44, 68:liber populus,
id. ib. 3, 34, 46:(Demaratus) vir liber ac fortis,
democratic, republican, fond of liberty, id. ib. 2, 19, 34:civitates liberae atque immunes,
free from service, Liv. 37, 55:provinciae civitatesque liberae,
Suet. Vesp. 8:libera ac foederata oppida,
id. Calig. 3:Roma patrem patriae Ciceronem libera dixit,
Juv. 8, 244.—In a bad sense, esp. with reference to sensual pleasure, unbridled, unchecked, unrestrained, licentious:2.quam liber harum rerum multarum siet (Juppiter),
Plaut. Am. prol. 105:adulescens imprudens et liber,
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 40; cf.:sit adulescentia liberior,
somewhat freer, Cic. Cael. 18, 42:amores soluti et liberi,
id. Rep. 4, 4, 4:consuetudo peccandi,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 76, § 177.—Hence, adv.: lībĕrē, freely, unrestrictedly, without let or hinderance; frankly, openly, boldly:qui nihil dicit, nihil facit, nihil cogitat denique, nisi libenter ac libere,
Cic. Par. 5, 1, 34:animus somno relaxatus solute movetur et libere,
id. Div. 2, 48, 100:respirare,
id. Quint. 11, 39:constanter et libere (me gessi),
id. Att. 4, 16, 9:consilium dare,
id. Lael. 13, 44:aliquid magis accusatorie quam libere dixisse,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 176:omnia libere fingimus et impune,
Quint. 6, 1, 43:ut ingredi libere (oratio), non ut licenter videatur errare,
Cic. Or. 23, 77.— Comp.:liberius vivendi fuit potestas,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 23:loqui,
Cic. Planc. 13, 33:fortius liberiusque defendere,
Quint. 12, 1, 21:liberius si Dixero quid,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 103:maledicere,
id. ib. 2, 8, 37:longius et liberius exseritur digitus,
Quint. 11, 3, 92; cf. id. 11, 3, 97:ipsaque tellus Omnia liberius, nullo poscente, ferebat,
freely, of itself, spontaneously, Verg. G. 1, 127.līber, ĕri ( gen. plur. liberūm, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 9; Turp. ap. Non. 495, 26; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; 2, 1, 30, § 77; Tac. A. 2, 38; 3, 25 saep.; cf. Cic. Or. 46, 155;I.but also: liberorum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 76; 2, 5, 42, § 109), m. [1. liber], a child.Sing. (post-class. and rare):II.si quis maximam portionem libero relinquat,
Cod. Just. 3, 28, 33; 5, 9, 8 fin.; Quint. Decl. 2, 8.—Plur., children (freq.; but in class. Lat. only of children with reference to their parents: pueri = children in general, as younger than adulescentes; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 657 sq.).A.Lit.: liberorum genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155 (Trag. v. 347 Vahl.): liberorum sibi quaesendum gratia, id. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.):2.cum conjugibus et liberis,
Cic. Att. 8, 2, 3:eum ex C. Fadii filiā liberos habuisse,
id. ib. 16, 11, 1:liberos procreare,
id. Tusc. 5, 37, 109:suscipere liberos,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 161:per liberos te precor,
Hor. Epod. 5, 5:dulces,
id. ib. 2, 40:parvuli,
Quint. 2, 15, 8;opp. parentes,
id. 11, 1, 82; 3, 7, 18; 26; 6, 1, 18; 6, 5 al.: mater quae liberos, quasi oculos (amisit), orba est, Sulp. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 182 Müll.: jus trium liberorum, under the emperors, a privilege enjoyed by those who had three legitimate children (it consisted in the permission to fill a public office before one's twenty-fifth year, and in freedom from personal burdens); this privilege was sometimes also bestowed on those who had fewer than three children, or even none at all; also of one child:non est sine liberis, cui vel unus filius unave filia est,
Dig. 50, 16, 148; Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 6; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 15; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 99; id. And. 5, 3, 20; Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 2; id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; id. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; ib. 30, § 76 Zumpt; cf. also Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:neque ejus legendam filiam (virginem Vestalem)... qui liberos tres haberet,
Gell. 1, 12, 8:uxores duxerant, ex quibus plerique liberos habebant,
Caes. B. C. 3, 110, 2.—Of grandchildren and great-grandchildren:liberorum appellatione nepotes et pronepotes ceterique qui ex his descendunt, continentur,
Dig. 50, 16, 220; cf.:liberi usque ad trinepotem, ultra hos posteriores vocantur,
ib. 38, 10, 10, § 7:habitus sis in liberum loco,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40.—Esp.(α).Of sons (opp. daughters):(β).procreavit liberos septem totidemque filias,
Hyg. Fab. 9.—Of children in gen. = pueri:B.praecepta Chrysippi de liberorum educatione,
Quint. 1, 11, 17; cf.: Catus aut de liberis educandis, the title of a book by Varro, v. Gell. 4, 19, 2; Macr. S. 3, 6, 5.—Transf., of animals, young:3.liberis orbas oves,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 38.—Comically:quaerunt litterae hae sibi liberos: alia aliam scandit,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 23.Līber, ĕri (Sabine collat. form, loebasius, acc. to Serv. Verg. G. 1, 7; cf. 1. liber, and libertas init.), m. [Gr. leibô, to pour; loibê, a drink - offering; Lat. libare], an old Italian deity, who presided over planting and fructification; afterwards identified with the Greek Bacchus:B.hunc dico Liberum Semelā natum, non eum, quem nostri majores auguste sancteque Liberum cum Cerere et Libera consecraverunt. Sed quod ex nobis natos liberos appellamus, idcirco Cerere nati nominati sunt Liber et Libera: quod in Libera servant, in Libero non item,
Cic. N. D. 2, 24, 62; cf. Serv. Verg. G. 1, 5; Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:tertio (invocabo) Cererem et Liberum, quod horum fructus maxime necessarii ad victum: ab his enim cibus et potio venit e fundo,
Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 5:Liber et alma Ceres,
Verg. G. 1, 7:ex aede Liberi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 128;in a pun with 1. liber,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 46; cf. id. Curc. 1, 2, 21; id. Stich. 5, 4, 17; so in a pun with liber, free:quiaque adeo me complevi flore Liberi, Magis libera uti lingua collibitum est mihi,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 8; cf.:salve, anime mi, lepos Liberi, ut veteris ego sum cupida, etc.,
id. Curc. 1, 2, 3.— Connected with pater:sic factum, ut Libero patri repertori vitis hirci immolarentur,
Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 19:Romulus et Liber pater,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 5:per vestigia Liberi patris,
Plin. 4, 10, 17, § 39:patre favente Libero fetis palmitibus,
Col. 3, 21, 3:Libero patri in monte res divina celebratur,
Macr. S. 1, 18, 4.—Meton., wine:4. I.illud, quod erat a deo donatum, nomine ipsius dei nuncupabant: ut cum fruges Cererem appellamus, vinum autem Liberum: ex quo illud Terentii (Eun. 4, 5, 6): sine Cerere et Libero friget Venus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 60:Liberum et Cererem pro vino et pane,
Quint. 8, 6, 24; cf. also Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 4 supra:sed pressum Calibus ducere Liberum Si gestis, etc.,
Hor. C. 4, 12, 14:condita cum verax aperit praecordia Liber,
id. S. 1, 4, 89.Lit.A.In gen.:B.obducuntur libro aut cortice trunci,
Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 120:colligatae libris (arundines),
Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 4:udoque docent (germen) inolescere libro,
Verg. G. 2, 77:natam libro et silvestri subere clausam,
id. A. 11, 554; id. E. 10, 67:quam denso fascia libro,
Juv. 6, 263.—Esp., because the ancients used the bark or rind of trees to write upon; usually the thin rind of the Egyptian papyrus, on which the books of the Greeks and Romans were usually written (v. Dict. of Antiq. p. 587 sq.):II.antea non fuisse chartarum usum. In palmarum foliis primo scriptitatum, dein quarundam arborum libris,
Plin. 13, 11, 21, § 69.—Hence,Transf.A.Paper, parchment, or rolls of any substance used to write upon (cf.:B.charta, membrana): quasi quom in libro scribuntur calamo litterae,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 131.—Most freq. a book, work, treatise:C.Demetrii liber de concordia,
Cic. Att. 8, 12, 6:quas (sententias) hoc libro exposui,
id. Lael. 1, 3; cf. id. ib. 1, 5:dixi in eo libro, quem de rebus rusticis scripsi,
id. de Sen. 15, 54:libros pervolutare,
id. Att. 5, 12, 2:evolvere,
id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24:volvere,
id. Brut. 87, 298:legere,
id. Fam. 6, 6, 8:edere,
id. Fat. 1, 1:libri confectio,
id. de Sen. 1, 1:tempus ad libros vacuum,
id. Rep. 1, 9, 14:cujus (Platonis) in libris,
id. ib. 1, 10, 16:in Graecorum libris,
id. ib. 2, 11, 21:librum, si malus est, nequeo laudare,
Juv. 3, 41:actorum libri,
the official gazette, id. 9, 84; cf. 2, 136; and v. Dict. Antiq. s. v. Acta.—In partic.1.A division of a work a look:2.tres libri perfecti sunt de Natura Deorum,
Cic. Div. 2, 1, 3:hi tres libri (de Officiis),
id. Off. 3, 33, 121:sermo in novem libros distributus,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 1:dictum est in libro superiore,
id. Off. 2, 13, 43 [p. 1058] sicut superiore libro continetur, Quint. 11, 1, 1:versus de libro Ennii annali sexto,
id. 6, 3, 86:liber primus, secundus, tertius, etc.,
id. 8, 1, 2; 10, 2, 20; 11, 1, 4 al. —Sometimes, in this latter case, liber is omitted:in T. Livii primo,
Quint. 9, 2, 37:in tertio de Oratore,
id. 9, 1, 26:legi tuum nuper quartum de Finibus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 32.—In relig. or pub. law lang., a religious book, scriptures; a statute - book, code:D.decemviris adire libros jussis,
i. e. the Sibylline books, Liv. 34, 55; 21, 62; 25, 12:se cum legeret libros, recordatum esse, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11:ut in libris est Etruscorum,
id. Div. 2, 23, 50; id. Att. 9, 9, 3:caerimoniarum,
rituals, Tac. A. 3, 38.—A list, catalogue, register, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 71, § 167.—E.A letter, epistle, Nep. Lys. 4, 2; Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 5.—F.A rescript, decree (post-Aug.):liber principis severus et tamen moderatus,
Plin. Ep. 5, 14, 8. -
10 गो _gō
गो m. f. (Nom. गौः) [गच्छत्यनेन, गम् करणे डो Tv.]1 Cattle, kine (pl.)-2 Anything coming from a cow; such as milk, flesh, leather &c.-3 The stars; वि रश्मिभिः ससृजे सूर्यो गाः Rv.7.36.1.-4 The sky.-5 The thunder- bolt of Indra; Ki.8.1.-6 A ray of light; नान्यस्तप्ता विद्यते गोषु देव Mb.1.232.11; बालो$यं गिरिशिखरेषु चारयन् गाः त्रैलोक्यं तिमिरभरेण दुष्टमेतत् (रविः नैर्मल्यं नयति) । Rām. Ch. 7.6.-7 A diamond.-8 Heaven.-9 An arrow. -f.1 A cow; जुगोप गोरूपधरामिवोर्वीम् R.2.3; क्षीरिण्यः सन्तु गावः Mk.1.6.-2 The earth; दुदोह गां स यज्ञाय R.1.26; गामात्तसारां रघुरप्यवेक्ष्य 5.26;11.36; Bg.15.13; सेको$- नुगृह्णातु गाम् Mu.3.2; Me.3; cf. also the quotation for (-6).-3 Speech, words; कुलानि समुपेतानि गोभिः पुरुषतो$- र्थतः Mb.5.28; रघोरुदारामपि गां निशम्य R.5.12;2.59; Ki.4.2.-4 The goddess of speech, Sarasvatī.-5 A mother.-6 A quarter of the compass.-7 Water; सायं भेजे दिशं पश्चाद्गविष्ठो गां गतस्तदा Bhāg.1.1.36; also pl.; Bhāg.11.7.5.-8 The eye; गोकर्णा सुमुखी कृतेन इषुणा गोपुत्रसंप्रेषिता Mb.8.9.42.-9 A region of the sky. -m. A bull, an ox; असंजातकिणस्कन्धः सुखं स्वपिति गौर्गडिः K. P.1; Ms.4.72; cf. चरद्गव.-2 The hair of the body.-3 An organ of sense; अदान्तगोभिर्विशतां तमिस्रं पुनः पुनश्चर्वितचर्वणानाम् Bhāg..7.5.3.-4 The sign Taurus of the zodiac; Bṛi. S.49.-5 The sun.-6 The number 'nine' (in math.).-7 The moon.-8 A singer.-9 A billion.-1 A cow-sacrifice-11 A house; cf. गौर्वज्रं गौः प्रभा भूमिर्वाणी तोयं त्रिविष्टपम् । धेनुर्बस्तो वृषो दिग्गौर्नेत्रं लज्जा गुरू रमा ॥ इन्द्रियं श्रीरुमा... Enm.-Comp. -कण्टकः, -कम् 1 a road or spot trodden down by oxen and thus made im- passable.-2 the cow's hoof.-3 the print of a cow's hoof.-कर्ण a. having cow's ears.(-र्णः) 1 a cow's ear; गोकर्णसदृशौ कृत्वा करावाबद्धसारणौ Ks.6.57.-2 a mule.-3 a snake; Mb.8.9.42.-4 a span (from the tip of the thumb to that of the ring-finger); गोकर्णशिथिल- श्चरन् Mb.2.68.75; तालः स्मृतो मध्यमया गोकर्णश्चाप्यनामया Brahmāṇḍa P.-5 N. of a place of pilgrimage in the south, sacred to Śiva. श्रितगोकर्णनिकेतमीश्वरम् R.8.33.-6 a kind of deer.-7 a kind of arrow; Mb.8.9.42.-किराटा -किराटिका the Sārikā bird.-किलः, -कीलः 1 a plough-2 a pestle.-कुलम् 1 a herd of kine; वृष्टिव्याकुलगोकुलावनरसादुद्धृत्य गोवर्धनम् Gīt.4; गोकुलस्य तृषा- र्तस्य Mb.-2 a cow-house.-3 N. of a village (where Kṛiṣṇa was brought up).-कुलिक a.1 one who does not help a cow in the mud.-2 squint-eyed.-कुलोद्भवा an epithet of Durgā.-कृतम् cow-dung.-क्षीरम् cow's milk.-क्षुरम्, -रकम् a cow's hoof.-खरः a beast (पशु); यत्तीर्थबुद्धिः सलिले न कर्हिचिज्जनेष्वभिज्ञेषु स एव गोखरः Bhāg.1.84.13.-खा a nail.-गृष्टिः a young cow which has had only one calf.-गोयुगम् a pair of oxen.-गोष्ठम् a cow-pen, cattle-shed.-ग्रन्थिः 1 dried cowdung.-2 a cow-house.-ग्रहः capture of cattle (गवालम्भ); Mb.12.265.2.-ग्रासः the ceremony of offering a morsel (of grass) to a cow when performing an expiatory rite.-घातः, -घातकः, -घातिन् m. a cow-killer.-घृतम् 1 rain-water.-2 clarified butter coming from a cow.-घ्न a.1 destructive to cows.-2 one who has killed a cow.-3 one for whom a cow is killed, a guest.-चन्दनम् a kind of sandal-wood.-चर a.1 grazed over by cattle.-2 frequenting, dwelling, resorting to, haunting पितृसद्मगोचरः Ku.5.77.-3 within the scope, power, or range of; अवाङ्मनसगोचरम् R.1.15; so बुद्धि˚, दृष्टि˚, श्रवण˚ स्वगोचरे दीप्ततरा बभूव Bu. Ch.1.13.-4 moving on earth.-5 accessible to, attainable; त्याग- सूक्ष्मानुगः क्षेम्यः शौचगो ध्यागोचरः Mb.12.236.12.-6 circulating, having a particular meaning, prevalent.(-रः) 1 the range of cattle, pasturage; उपारताः पश्चिम- रात्रिगोचरात् Ki.4.1.-2 (a) a district, department, province, sphere. (b) an abode, dwelling-place, a place of resort; Śi.1.21; Ms.1.39.-3 range of the organs of sense, an object of sense; श्रवणगोचरे तिष्ठ be within ear-shot; नयनगोचरं या to become visible.-4 scope, range, in general; हर्तुर्याति न गोचरम् Bh.2.16.-5 (fig.) grip, hold, power, influence, control; कः कालस्य न गोचरा- न्तरगतः Pt.1.146; गोचरीभूतमक्ष्णोः U.6.26; Māl.5.24; अपि नाम मनागवतीर्णो$सि रतिरमणबाणगोचरम् Māl.1.-6 horizon.-7 field for action, scope; इन्द्रियाणि हयानाहुर्विषयांस्तेषु गोचरान् Kaṭh.3.4.-8 the range of the planets from the Lagna or from each other.˚पीडा in- auspicious position of stars within the ecliptic; गोचर- पीडायामपि राशिर्बलिभिः शुभग्रहैर्दृष्टः (पीडां न करोति) Bṛi.S.41.13. (गोचरीकृ to place within the range (of sight), make current).-चर्मन् n.1 a cow's hide.-2 a particular measure of surface thus defined by Vasiṣṭha:-- दशहस्तेन वंशेन दशवंशान् समन्ततः । पञ्च चाभ्यधिकान् दद्यादेतद्गोचर्म चोच्यते ॥ ˚वसनः an epithet of Śiva.-चर्या seeking food like a cow; गोचर्यां नैगमश्चरेत् Bhāg.11.18.29.-चारकः cowherd.-चरणम् the tending or feeding of cows; Bhāg.1.38.8.-ज a.1 born in the earth (rice &c.).-2 produced by milk; अब्जा गोजा...... Kaṭh.5.2.-जरः an old ox or bull; नाद्रियन्ते यथापूर्वं कीनाशा इव गोजरम् Bhāg.3.3.13.-जलम् the urine of a bull or cow.-जागरिकम् auspi- ciousness, happiness. (-कः) a preparer of food, baker.-जात a. born in the heaven (gods); गोजाता अप्या मृळता च देवाः Rv.6.5.11.-जिह्वा N. of a plant (Mar. पाथरी).-जिह्विका the uvula.-जीव a. living on cattle (milk- man); Hch.1.7.-तल्लजः an excellent bull or cow.-तीर्थम् a cowhouse.-त्रम् [गां भूमिं त्रायते त्रै-क]1 a cow-pen.-2 a stable in general.-3 a family, race, lineage; गोत्रेण माठरो$स्मि Sk.; so कौशिकगोत्राः, वसिष्ठगोत्राः &c.; Ms.3.19,9.141.-4 a name, appellation; जगाद गोत्र- स्खलिते च का न तम् N.1.3; Ś.6.5; see ˚स्खलित below; मद्गोत्राङ्कं विरचितपदं गेयमुद्गातुकामा Me.88.-5 a multitude.-6 increase.-7 a forest.-8 a field.-9 a road.-1 possessions, wealth.-11 an umbrella, a parasol.-12 knowledge of futurity.-13 a genus, class, species.-14 a caste, tribe, caste according to families. (-त्रः) a mountain; 'गोत्रं नाम्नि कुले$प्यद्रौ' इति यादवः; Śi.9.8. Hence गोत्रोद्दलनः means Indra; cf. इन्द्रे तु गोत्रोद्दलनः कुलघ्ने गिरिदारणे Nm.(-त्रा) 1 a multitude of cows.-2 the earth.˚उच्चारः recitation of family pedigree.˚कर्तृ, -कारिन् m. the founder of a family.˚कीला the earth.˚ज a. born in the same family, gentile, a relation; Bhāg.3.7.24; Y.2.135.˚पटः a genealogical table, pedigree.˚प्रवरः the oldest member or founder of a family.-भिद् m. an epithet of Indra; हृदि क्षतो गोत्रभिदप्यमर्षणः R.3.53;6.73; Ku.2.52.˚स्खलनम्, ˚स्खलितम् blundering or mistaking in calling (one) by his name, calling by a wrong name; स्मरसि स्मर मेखलागुणैरुत गौत्रस्खलितेषु बन्धनम् Ku.4.8.-द a. giving cows; Ms.4.231. (-दः) brain. (-दा) N. of the river Godāvarī.-दत्र a. Ved. giving cows. (-त्रः) an epithet of Indra. (-त्रम्) a crown (pro- tecting the head).-दन्त a. armed with a coat of mail.(-तम्) 1 yellow orpiment.-2 a white fossil substance.-दानम् 1 the gift of a cow.-2 the ceremony of tonsure or cutting the hair; रामलक्ष्मणयो राजन् गोदानं कारयस्व ह Rām.1.71.23; अथास्य गोदानविधेरनन्तरम् R.3. 33; (see Mallinātha's explanation of the word); कृत- गोदानमङ्गलाः U.1; अतोनं गोदानं दारकर्म च Kau. A.1.5; (Rām. explains the word differently).-3 the part of the head close to the right ear.-दाय a. intending to give cows.-दारणम् 1 a plough.-2 a spade, hoe.-दा, -दावरी N. of a river in the south.-दुह् m.,-दुहः 'cow-milker', a cowherd; सुदुघामिव गोदुहे R.1.4.1; चिरं निदध्यौ दुहतः स गोदुहः Śi.-दोहः 1 the milking of cows.-2 the milk of cows.-3 the time of milking cows.-दोहनम् 1 the time of milking cows.-2 the milking of cows; न लक्ष्यते ह्यवस्थानमपि गोदोहनं क्वचित् Bhāg.1.19. 4.-दोहनी a milk-pail.-द्रवः the urine of a bull or cow.-धनम् 1 a herd or multitude of cows, cattle.-2 possession of cows. (-नः) a broad-pointed arrow.-धरः a mountain.-धर्मः the law of cattle, rules relating to cattle; (open and unconcealed intercourse of the sexes); गोधर्मं सौरभेयाच्च सो$धीत्य निखिलं मुनिः । प्रावर्तत तदा कर्तुं श्रद्धावांस्तमशङ्कया ॥ Mb.1.14.26.-धुमः, -धूमः 1 wheat; Bṛi. Up.6.3.13.-2 the orange. ˚चूर्णम् wheat flour;-सम्भवम् a sour paste.-धूलिः 'dust of the cows', the time of sunset or evening twilight (so called be- cause cows, which generally return home at about sunset, raise up clouds of dust by their treading on the earth).-धेनुः a milch-cow with a calf.-भ्रः a mountain.-नन्दा an epithet of the wife of Śiva.-नन्दी the female of the Sārasa bird.-नर्दः 1 the (Indian) crane.-2 an epithet of Śiva (bellowing like a bull).-3 N. of a country.-नर्दीयः an epithet of Patañjali, author of the Mahābhāṣya.-नसः, -नासः 1 a kind of snake.-2 a kind of gem.-नसा the mouth of a cow.-नाथः 1 a bull.-2 an owner of land.-3 a herdsman.-4 an owner of kine.-नायः a cowherd; तद्यथा गोनायो$श्वनायः पुरुषनाय इत्येवं तदप आचक्षते$शनायेति Ch. Up.6.8.3.-नाशनः a wolf.-नासा the projecting snout of a cow or ox.-नासम् a kind of gem.-निष्यन्दः cow's urine.-पः 1 a cowherd (considered as belonging to a mixed tribe); गोपवेशस्य विष्णोः Me.15.-2 the chief of a cowpen.-3 the superintendent of a village.-4 a king.-5 a protector, guardian; Rv.1.61.1.˚अनसी the wood of a thatch; गोपानसीषु क्षणमास्थितानाम् Śi.3.49.˚अष्टमी the eighth day of the bright fortnight of Kārttika when Kṛiṣṇa is said to have worn the dress of a cowherd.˚आटविका a cowherd.˚कन्या 1 the daughter of a cowherd.-2 a nymph of Vṛindāvana.˚अध्यक्षः, ˚इन्द्रः, ˚ईशः the chief of herdsmen, an epithet of Kṛiṣṇa.˚चापः the rainbow.˚दलः the betel-nut tree.˚भद्रम् the fibrous root of a water-lily.˚रसः gum myrrh.˚राष्ट्राः (pl.) N. of a people. ˚वधूः f. a cowherd's wife; Bhāg.1.9.4. ˚वधूटी a young cowherdess, a young wife of a cowherd; गोपवधूटीदुकूलचौराय Bhāṣā P.1.(-पकः) 1 the superin- tendent of a district.-2 myrrh.(-पिका) 1 a cowher- dess; Bhāg.1.9.14-15.-2 protectress. (-पी) a cowherd's wife (especially applied to the cowherdesses of Vṛindāvana, the companions of Kṛiṣṇa in his juvenile sports).-2 a milk-maid.-3 a protectress.-4 Nature, elementary nature.-पतिः 1 an owner of cows.-2 a bull.-3 a leader, chief.-4 the sun; नीहारमिव गोपतिः Bhāg.1.12.1; Mb.1.173.32.-5 Indra; सुराङ्गना गोपतिचापगोपुरं पुरम् (जहुः) Ki.8.1.-6 N. of Kṛiṣṇa.-7 N. of Śiva.-8 N. of Varuṇa; एष पुत्रो महाप्रज्ञो वरुणस्येह गोपतेः Mb.5.98.11.-9 a king; नासतो विद्यते राजन् स ह्यरण्येषु गोपतिः Mb.12.135.26.-पथः N. of a Brāhmaṇa of Av.-पर्वतम् the name of the place where Pāṇini is said to have performed penance and propitiated Śiva; गोपर्वतमिति स्थानं शम्भोः प्रख्यापितं मया । यत्र पाणिनिना लेभे वैयाकरणिकाग्ऱ्यता ॥ अरुणाचलमाहात्म्यम्- उत्तरार्धः 2 अ. 68 श्लो.-पशुः a sacrificial cow.-पाः m. Ved.1 a herdsman.-2 protector, or guardian; मन्द्राग्रे- त्वरी भुवनस्य गोपा Av.2.1.57.-पानसी a curved beam which supports a thatch; गोपानसी तु वलभिच्छादने वक्रदारुणि Ak.2.2.15.-पालः 1 a cowherd; Ms.4.253.-2 a king.-3 an epithet of Śiva.-4 an epithet of Kṛ&iṣṇa. ˚धानी a cow-pen, cow-shed.-पालकः 1 a cowherd.-2 a king.-3 an epithet of Śiva; also of Kṛiṣṇa.-पालिः an epithet of Śiva.-पालिका, -पाली the wife of a cowherd; पार्थः प्रस्थापयामास कृत्वा गोपालिकावपुः Mb.1.221.19.-पालितः N. of a lexicographer.-पित्तम् bile of cows, ox-bile (from which the yellow pigment गोरोचना is prepared; गोपित्ततो रोचना Pt.1.94.).-पीतः a species of wagtail.-पीथः protection; अस्माकमृषीणां गोपीथे न उरुष्यतम् Rv.5.65.6. (-थम्) a holy place, a place of pilgrimage.-पुच्छम् a cow's tail.-2 a particular point of an arrow.(-च्छः) 1 a sort of monkey; Bhāg.8.2.22.-2 a sort of necklace consisting of two or four or thirty-four strings.-3 a kind of drum.-पुटिकम् the head of Śiva's bull.-पुत्रः 1 a young bull.-2 an epithet of Karṇa.-पुरम् 1 a town-gate; उत्तुङ्गसौधसुरमन्दिरगोपुरम् Māl.9.1.-2 a principal gate; दधतमुच्चशिलान्तरगोपुराः Ki.5.5.-3 the ornamental gate- way of a temple.-पुरीषम् cowdung.-प्रकाण्डम् an ex- cellent cow or bull.-प्रचारः pasture-ground, pasturage for cattle; ग्राम्येच्छया गोप्रचारो भूमी राजवशेन वा Y.2.166.-प्रत (ता) रः 1 a ford for cattle.-2 a place of pilgrimage on the Śarayū; यद्गोप्रतरकल्पो$भूत्संमर्दस्तत्र मज्जताम् । अतस्तदाख्यया तीर्थं पावनं भुवि पप्रथे ॥ R.15.11.-प्रदानम् same as गोदान.-प्रवेशः the time when cows return home, sunset or evening-twilight; गोप्रवेशसमये Bṛi. S.24.35.-फणा 1 a bandage hollowed out so as to fit the chin or nose &c.-2 a sling.-बालः the hair of cows.-भुज् m. a king; गोभुजां वल्लभा लक्ष्मीः Rāj. T.5.6.-भृत् m.1 a mountain.-2 a king.-मक्षिका a gadfly.-मघ a. granting cattle or cows कदा गोमघा हवनानि गच्छाः Rv.6.35.3.-मंडलम् 1 the globe.-2 a multitude of cows.-मण़्डीरः a kind of an aquatic bird; L. D. B.-मतम् = गव्यूति q. v.-मतल्लिका a tract- able cow, an excellent cow; अरिर्मधोरैक्षत गोमतल्लिकाम् Śi.12.41.-मथः a cowherd.-मध्यमध्य a. slender in the waist.-महिषदा N. of one of the Mātṛis attending on कार्तिकेय.-मांसम् beef.-मायु 1 a kind of frog.-2 a jackal; अनुहंकुरुते घनध्वनिं न हि गोमायुरुतानि केसरी Śi.16. 25.-3 bile of a cow.-4 N. of a Gandharva.-मीनः a kind of fish.-मुखः, -मुखम् [गोर्मुखमिव मुखमस्य] a kind of musical instrument; Bg.1.13; गोमुखानां च शृङ्गाणाम- नीकद्वयवर्तिनाम् Śiva. B.24.55.(-खः) 1 a crocodile, shark.-2 a hole of a particular shape in a wall made by thieves.(-खम्) 1 a house built unevenly.-2 spreading unguents, smearing; 'गोमुखं कुटिलाकारे वाद्यभाण्डे विलेपने' इति विश्वः; यस्यामलिन्देषु न चक्रुरेव मुग्धाङ्गना गोमयगो- मुखानि Śi.3.48. (-खम्, -खी) a cloth-bag of the shape of a gnomon containing a rosary, the beads of which are counted by the hand thrust inside.-2 a house built unevenly.-3 a particular method of sitting (a योगासन) (-खी) the chasm in the Himālaya mountains through which the Ganges flows.-मूढ a. stupid as a bull.-मूत्रम् cow's urine.-मूत्रकः a variety of lapis lazuli (बैदूर्य); Kau. A.2.11.-कम् a particular attitude (मण्डल) in गदायुद्ध; दक्षिणं मण्डलं सव्यं गोमूत्रकमथापि च । व्यचर- त्पाण्डवो राजन्नरिं संमोहयन्निव ॥ Mb.9.58.23. -a. zigzagging, going unevenly.-मूत्रिका 1 an artificial verse, the second of which repeats nearly all the syllables of the first. (Malli. thus defines it:-- वर्णानामेकरूपत्वं यद्येकान्तरमर्धयोः गोमूत्रिकेति तत्प्राहुर्दुष्करं तद्विदो विदुः ॥ see Śi.19.46.)-2 a form of calculation.-मृगः a kind of ox (गवय).-मेदः a gem brought from the Himālaya and Indus, des- cribed as of four different colours:-- white, pale-yellow, red, and dark-blue.-मेदकः 1 see गोमेद.-2 a kind of poison (काकोल).-3 smearing the body with unguents.-मेधः, -यज्ञः a cow-sacrifice; Rām.7.25.8.-यानम्, -रथः a carriage drawn by oxen; Rām.2.82.26; Ms. 11.174.-युक्त a. drawn by oxen.-युतम् 1 a cattle station.-2 a measure of two Krośas (गव्यूत); गोयुते गोयुते चैव न्यवसत्पुरुषर्षभः Mb.14.65.22.-रक्षः 1 a cow- herd.-2 keeping or tending cattle.-3 the orange.-4 an epithet of Śiva. ˚जम्बू f. wheat.-रक्षणम् tending cattle (with religious faith).-रङ्कुः 1 a water-fowl-2 a prisoner.-3 a naked man, a mendicant wandering about without clothes.-4 a chanter.-रवम् saffron.-रसः cow's milk.-2 curds.-3 buttermilk.-4 the flavour of a sentence; को रसो गोरसं विना Udb. ˚जम् buttermilk.-राजः an excellent bull.-राटिका, -राटी the Sārikā bird.-रुतम् a measure of dis- tance equal to two Krośas.-रूपम् the form of a cow. (-पः) N. of Śiva.-रोचम् yellow orpiment.-रोचना a bright yellow pigment prepared from the urine or bile of a cow, or found in the head of a cow.-लवणम् a measure of salt given to a cow.-लाङ्गु- (गू) लः a kind of monkey with a dark body, red cheeks and a tail like that of a cow; गोलाङ्गूलः कपोलं छुरयति रजसा कौसुमेन प्रियायाः Māl.9.3.-लोकः a part of heaven, cow-world.-लोभिका, -लोभी 1 a prostitute.-2 white Dūrvā grass.-3 Zedoary.-4 N. of a shrub.-वत्सः a calf. ˚आदिन m. a wolf.-वधः the killing of a cow; Ms.11.59.-वर्धनः a celebrated hill in वृन्दावन the country about Mathurā. ('This hill was lifted up and supported by Kṛiṣṇa upon one finger for seven days to shelter the cowherds from a storm of rain sent by Indra to test Kṛiṣṇa's divinity.') ˚धरः, ˚धरिन् m. an epithet of Kṛiṣṇa.-वरम् pounded cowdung.-वशा a barren cow.-वाटम्, -वासः a cow-pen.-वासन a. covered with an ox-hide.-विकर्तः, -विकर्तृ m.1 the killer of a cow; Mb.4.2.9.-2 a hus- bandman.-विततः a horse-sacrifice having many cows.-विन्दः 1 a cowkeeper, a chief herdsman.-2 N. of Kṛiṣṇa.-3 Bṛihaspati. ˚द्वादशी the twelfth day in the light half of the month of फाल्गुन-विष् f.,-विष्ठा cowdung.-विषाणिकः a kind of musical instrument; Mb.6.44.4.-विसर्गः day-break (when cows are let loose to graze in forests); Rām.7.111.9.-वीथिः f. N. of that portion of the moon's path which contains the asterisms भाद्रपदा, रेवती and अश्विनी, or according to some, हस्त, चित्रा and स्वाती Bṛi. S.9.2.-वीर्यम् the price received for milk.-वृन्दम् a drove of cattle.-वृन्दारकः an excellent bull or cow.-वृषः, -वृषभः an excellent bull; न तां शेकुर्नृपा वोढुमजित्वा सप्त गोवृषान् Bhāg 1.58.33. ˚ध्वजः an epithet of Śiva.-वैद्यः a quack docter.-व्रजः 1 a cow-pen.-2 a herd of cows.-3 a place where cattle graze.-व्रत, -व्रतिन् a. one who imitates a cow in fru- gality;...अत्र गोव्रतिनो विप्राः... ॥ यत्रपत्रशयो नित्यं येन केन- चिदाशितः । येन केनचिदाच्छन्नः स गोव्रत इहोच्यते ॥ Mb.5.99. 13-14.-शकृत् n. cowdung; Ms.2.182.-शतम् a present of a hundred cows to a Brāhmaṇa.-शालम्, -ला a cow-stall.-शीर्षः, -र्षम् a kind of sandal; Kau. A.2.11.-2 a kind of weapon (arrow ?); Mb.7.178. 23.-षड्गवम् three pairs of kine.-षन्, -षा a. Ved. acquiring or bestowing cows.-षा (सा) तिः 1 acquiring cattle; or fighting for cattle. गोषाता यस्य ते गिरः Rv.8.84.7.-2 giving cattle.-ष्टोमः a kind of sacri- fice fasting for one day.-संख्यः a cowherd.-सदृक्षः a species of ox (गवय).-सर्गः the time at which cows are usually let loose, day-break; see गोविसर्ग.-सवः a kind of cow-sacrifice (not performed in the Kali age); Mb.3.3.17.-सहस्रम् a kind of present (महादान). (-स्त्री) N. of two holidays on the fifteenth day of the dark half of कार्तिक and ज्येष्ठ.-सावित्री N. of a hymn (cf. गायत्री).-सूत्रिका a rope fastened at both ends having separate halters for each ox or cow.-स्तनः 1 the udder of a cow.-2 a cluster of blossoms, nosegay &c.-3 a pearl-necklace of four strings.-4 a kind of fort.-स्तना, -नी a bunch of grapes.-स्थानम्, -क्रम् a cow-pen.-स्वामिन् m.1 an owner of cows.-2 a religious mendicant.-3 an honorary title affixed to proper names; (e. g. वोपदेवगोस्वामिन्).-हत्या cow-slaughter.-हल्लम् (sometimes written हन्नम्) cow-dung.-हरः, -हरणम् stealing of cows; गोष्ठमुत्किरति गोहरं वदेत् Bṛi. S.89.9. (v. l.)-हित a. cherishing or protecting kine. (-तः) N. of Viṣṇu. -
11 socius
sŏcĭus, a, um, adj. [root sec- of sequor], sharing, joining in, partaking, united, associated, kindred, allied, fellow (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf. subst. infra):II.hic (Augustus) socium cum Jove nomen habet,
Ov. F. 1, 608:aurea possedit socio Capitolia templo Mater,
i. e. in common with Jupiter, id. ib. 6, 73:regnum,
id. M. 5, 378:classis,
id. ib. 13, 352:sepulcrum,
id. H. 11, 123:lectus,
id. A. A. 2, 377:ignes,
id. M. 9, 795:anni,
id. H. 2, 33:linguae,
id. Tr. 5, 10, 35:dei,
id. F. 2, 618:spes,
id. M. 13, 375:sociis quid noctibus uxor anxia,
Stat. S. 3, 5, 1:platanus clara in Lyciā gelidi fontis sociā amoenitate,
Plin. 12, 1, 5, § 9:potestas,
Amm. 26, 2, 8.—Esp., leagued, allied, confederate:A.cura sociae retinendae urbis,
Liv. 27, 1; so,urbs,
id. 31, 24:civitates,
id. 41, 6 fin.; Quint. 3, 8, 12; cf.:civitas nobis,
Tac. A. 13, 57:agmina,
Verg. A. 2, 371: manus, i. e. of the allies (in the Bellum Sociale), Ov. Am. 3, 15, 10:classis,
id. M. 13, 352:arma,
Sil. 7, 635.—Hence, substtsŏcĭus, i, m. ( gen. plur. socium, Liv. 43, 6, 12; 44, 21, 10; v. II. B. infra;1.also in the poets,
Verg. A. 5, 174; Prop. 3, 7, 41; Neue, Formenl. 1, 112 sq.).In gen., fellow, sharer, partner, comrade, companion, associate (very freq. and class.;2.syn.: consors, particeps): belli particeps et socius et adjutor,
Cic. Att. 9, 10, 5; cf.:consiliorum omnium particeps et socius paene regni,
id. Rep. 2, 20, 35; cf.:regni sociis,
Luc. 1, 92:hereditatis,
Plin. Pan. 38:tuorum consiliorum (with particeps),
Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 22:fortunarum omnium (with particeps),
Cic. Font. 17, 37 (21, 47):me quidem certe tuarum actionum, sententiarum, rerum denique omnium socium comitemque habebis,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 22:praeter Laelium neminem habeo culpae socium,
id. Att. 11, 14, 1:Agusius, omnium laborum, periculorum meorum socius,
id. Fam. 13, 71:socius et consors gloriosi laboris,
id. Brut. 1, 2; Sall. J. 29, 2:Romuli socius in Sabino proelio,
Cic. Rep. 2, 8, 14; for which, with dat.:alicui socius,
Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 72:hunc cape consiliis socium,
Verg. A. 5, 712:hos castris adhibe socios,
id. 8, 56:socium esse in negotiis,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 9:quia sine sociis nemo quicquam tale conatur,
Cic. Lael. 12, 42:socium ad malam rem quaerere,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 22:cum sociis operum,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 142:ante alios Infert se socium Aeneas,
Verg. A. 4, 142:amissā sociorum parte,
Ov. M. 14, 242.— Poet.:generis socii,
i. e. relatives, Ov. M. 3, 259; cf.sanguinis,
id. Tr. 4, 5, 29:tori,
i. e. a spouse, consort, id. M. 14, 678.—In partic.a.In mercant. lang., a copartner, partner in business:(β).socii putandi sunt, quos inter res communicata est, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 20, § 50; id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116; id. Quint. 3, 12:nefarium est socium fallere qui se in negotio conjunxit,
id. Rosc. Com. 6, 16.—So, socii, of the company of farmers of the public revenue, Cic. Fam. 13, 9, 3; Plin. 33, 7, 40, § 120; cf. societas, II. A. 2. —Hence,Jurid. t. t.:b.pro socio (agere, damnari, etc.),
for defrauding a partner, Cic. Fl. 18, 43; id. Quint. 3, 13; cf. Dig. 17, [p. 1716] tit. 2: Pro socio.—In publicists' lang., an ally, confederate (cf. foederatus); plur., Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 25:B.servate vestros socios,
id. Cist. 1, 3, 51:Boios receptos ad se socios sibi asciscunt,
Caes. B. G. 1, 5 fin.; 1, 11 fin.; 1, 14; 1, 15;1, 36: Cyprius rex, cujus majores huic populo socii atque amici semper fuerunt,
Cic. Dom. 20, 52; Liv. 29, 17; 44, 1 et saep. al.;opp. hostes,
Sall. C. 51, 38; id. J. 92, 2.— Sing.:socius et amicus populi Romani,
Sall. J. 24, 3.—In the connection, socii et Latini, or, more freq., socii et nomen Latinum, the term socii denotes the Italian people dwelling out of Latium who were under the protection of and allied with Rome, the Italian allies, Cic. Lael. 3, 12; id. Rep. 6, 12, 12; id. Sest. 13, 30; id. Rep. 1, 19, 31; 3, 29, 41; Sall. J. 39, 2; 42, 1:socii nomenque Latinum,
id. ib. 43, 4 Kritz N. cr.; Liv. 29, 27;for which, also: socii ac nominis Latini,
id. 41, 8;and without ellipsis: per homines nominis Latini et socios Italicos impedimenta parabant,
Sall. J. 40, 2; cf.also: quos (milites) uti ex Latio et a sociis cogeret,
id. ib. 95, 1. —The socii Latini nominis, on the other hand, are simply the Latin allies, the Latins, Liv. 40, 36; 32, 8; 41, 12:socii ab nomine Latino,
id. 22, 38.—In this sense the gen. plur. is usually socium, Liv. 21, 17, 2; 22, 27, 11 et saep.:socii navales,
id. 21, 50; v. navalis.—sŏcĭa, ae, f.:eos, qui nos socias sumpserunt sibi,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 45:(eloquentia) pacis est comes otiique socia,
Cic. Brut. 12, 45:vitae socia virtus, mortis comes gloria,
id. Font. 17, 39 (21, 49); cf.: est socia mortis homini vita ingloria, Publ. Syr. App. 213 Rib.:nox socia,
Cic. Phil. 2, 18, 45:quam plurimas uxores habent.... nulla pro sociā obtinet,
Sall. J. 80, 7:addit se sociam,
Verg. E. 6, 20:socias sorores Impietatis habet,
Ov. M. 4, 3:hic socias tu quoque junge moras,
id. A. A. 1, 492:sociae doloris casusque tui,
App. M. 5, p. 166, 18.— Poet.: socia generisque torique, related by blood and marriage, relative and wife (Juno), Ov. M. 1, 620; so,tori,
id. ib. 8, 521;10, 268: ulmus cum sociā vite,
id. ib. 14, 662.
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Tanka people — Total population 4,569,000 [1] Regions with significant populations … Wikipedia
Nivkh people — Nivkh Alternative names: Nivkhs, Nivkhi, Gilyak, Giliaks, Giliastski A group of Nivkh people Total population 5,300 (est.) Regions with significant populations Russia … Wikipedia
Navajo people — Navajo Diné, Naabeehó Navajo portraits Total population 300,048 (2011)[1] … Wikipedia
Dayak people — Dayak Regions with significant populations Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei Languages Dayak languages Religion Predominantly Christianity (91%), Kaharingan (7%) and Islam (2%) … Wikipedia
Sami people — For other uses, see Sami (disambiguation). Samis redirects here. For the Samis Foundation, see Sam Israel. Sámi Mari Boine • Lars Levi Læstadius • Lisa Thomasson • … Wikipedia
Chinese people in Burma — Burmese Chinese Lion dance performances in Yangon s Chinatown during Chinese New Year celebrations in 2011. Total population 1,662,000 (est.) … Wikipedia
List of Russian people — The Millennium of Russia monument in Veliky Novgorod, featuring the statues and reliefs of the most celebrated people in the first 1000 years of Russian history … Wikipedia
Tiele people — Tiele Total population 300,000-approx. 2 3 million (Rough conversion based upon the ratio 1:5 [soldier or yurt/people] provided by Jia Yi and imitation of Li Chengqian from the number of yurt [落户 luohu] and portion of soldier [兵 bing])[1] Regions … Wikipedia
Hoklo people — Hoklo Total population Around 41.3 million (est. worldwide) [1] Regions with significant populations … Wikipedia
Naga people — A Naga warrior in 1960 See Naga people (Sri Lanka) for the semi mythical people of Sri Lankan tradition. The term Naga people (Burmese … Wikipedia
Kamba people — Mukamba, pre 1923 The Kamba (Akamba in the plural) are a Bantu ethnic group who live in the semi arid Eastern Province of Kenya stretching east from Nairobi to Tsavo and north up to Embu, Kenya. This land is called Ukambani. Sources vary on… … Wikipedia